Effectiveness of social production enterprises in Venezuela.

Humanity has developed in various historical moments, in which we can highlight the industrial revolution, which led to the emergence of various types of grouping of labor collectivities, tending to achieve through the division of labor the achievement of a particular economic purpose. With the introduction of the machine in the economic scenario, the margin in which people could organize their work was widened, thus creating companies always tending to hierarchical organization. Thus, García and Taboada (2012), point out that since then companies, they are economic organizations whose main objective is to obtain benefits through the coordination of human, financial and technological resources. They are important because they have the capacity to generate wealth and jobs in the economy and, in addition, because they are the main drivers of technological change in any country. In other words, companies arise with the purpose of establishing an organized economic activity where the available resources are combined, with the sole purpose of generating wealth and jobs, being the driving force of technological advances in the country where they are located. Likewise, they intend to remain in time in constant growth and evolution. Likewise, companies are conformed as an organization because it has a series of structures (functional, hierarchical and decisional); aimed at the production of goods and services, so that this organizational structure shows the configuration of the organization, its elements and relationships, with a view to adequately perform the tasks to be carried out to meet the planned objectives. Therefore, it is required that companies are effective or what is the same "produce the expected effects" says Serralde (2012); in short, that they meet the expected objectives.

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Accordingly, organizations differ from each other in their ability to achieve, some are more effective, while others are less effective. Now, in Venezuela there have been different types of companies, mainly made up of public and private companies, which seek specific purposes as follows: public companies have the purpose of satisfying a general or social need and may or may not obtain a profit, and private companies seek to obtain an economic benefit by satisfying some general or social needs. However, in recent years, the State has had to make some changes in the management of the productive and commercial system of the Nation, because it has not been able to achieve the desired success with the economic models applied so far, outlining strategies capable of reactivating the national productive apparatus. For this reason, the Venezuelan government has proposed Social Production Companies (EPS) as a fundamental element for the development of the Venezuelan productive model, in various sectors of the economy, defined by Presidential Decree number 3,895 as community productive units whose essential objective is the generation of goods and services that satisfy the basic needs of the communities, i.e. food, housing, education, health and clothing. In this sense, the EPS are economic entities dedicated to the production of goods or services with a high social content and where principles of equality, cooperation, solidarity, complementarity and reciprocity prevail. At the same time, the EPS were created with the purpose of promoting investments through the diversification of the economy, promoting the creation of a wide range of fundamental goods and services for the population and finally increasing the participation of the organized communities by exercising social control. These companies, like any other, are established to generate some type of benefit. Most of the companies are focused on profitability, they concentrate on obtaining income, with low production costs and high levels of profitability and security.