I am Mercury.
I am the closest planet to the Sun.
My name was given in antiquity (observed by Babylonians ~2000 BCE).
I was named by Ancient Babylonians (as Nabu), Greeks (as Hermes), Romans (as Mercurius).
My name came about for its swift orbit, associating it with the messenger god in Greco-Roman mythology; Babylonians linked it to their god of wisdom.
My name means Roman god of commerce, travel, and messages (equivalent to Greek Hermes).
An interesting fact is I'm the fastest-moving planet visible to the naked eye, mirroring the speedy messenger god.