Discover lava tunnels on Venus.
We have already talked about lava tunnels, on the Moon and on Mars, on Mars some have been discovered, the best known are those on the Moon, obviously the best known are those on Earth, because it is a geological phenomenon that occurs on any planet where you have volcanic activity. On Earth, they are very well known and on the Moon they are gigantic, literally gigantic.
The Japanese found one 50 km long and there are calculations that say that at certain depths there could be caves of this type of lava tunnels up to 5 km in diameter, how is it possible that there are such gigantic caves that you could fit an entire ecosystem in there, it is almost the size of an island, it is an underground world.
How can that exist on the Moon? To begin with, because the lunar gravity is lower, Second, because the volcanic activity of the moon was brutal and was frozen in time, all those lunar tunnels are more than 2,000 million years old, the last volcanic activity is from about 3,500 million years ago, but in general it is billions of years old, this also shows us that on the Moon, despite the impacts of asteroids and meteorites, those tunnels are very solid because they have endured billions of years, Well, they could last another few million years with a human city inside, for example, or a human colony inside or an industry.
But what we did not know is that there are also them on Venus and a team of researchers at the University of Padua has discovered that on Venus, which also has great volcanic activity, it also has lava tunnels, and the most curious thing is that they are larger than those on Earth and this is quite disconcerting, because on the Moon they are so large, because there is less gravity, so the consistency of the structures last longer and also because its crust cooled more quickly and is much thicker than the Earth's, so they have an area to exist those lava tubes much larger than on Earth.
On Venus, most of the surface of Venus is also renewed, it is believed that most of the surface of Venus is less than 400 million years old, which also happens on Earth, most of the Earth's surface is only a few hundred million years old, there are some very old areas, certainly, but most of the Earth's surface is less than 400 or 500 million years old, and even then we have lava tunnels, but what was not known is that there were tunnels of lava on Venus, which are also larger than those on Earth.
The first theory is that it could be due to the great volcanic activity of Venus, these tunnels are formed when the lava flows through the volcanoes, the upper part of the lava cools, creates the roof of the tunnel and then with the passage of time that tunnel empties due to a decrease in the flow of lava, towards downstream, and that area remains hollow.
What the researchers did was study on Venus, specifically, volcanoes with a diameter of more than 100 km, which are also curiously quite frequent on Venus, and they discovered those tunnels and in those tunnels they also suspect that there could be much more favorable conditions than what is on the surface.
On the surface we have a brutal atmospheric pressure, it would be similar to what we would find in the ocean at 1000 m depth, sulfuric acid rain, not as much as was believed a few years ago, but there are also brutal temperatures of about 465ºC, but in those tunnels the conditions could be much more favorable and they do not talk about the issue of favorable for human life, establishing a base on Venus, which could be, was going to be complicated. The tunnel has to be located, it has to be drilled and in the meantime it endures all that pressure and all that suffocating and poisonous environment, they mention that it could be favorable for maintaining microbial life forms if it ever existed on Venus.
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