The Trap Was Always the Bond Market
Iran talk drove Brent below $97 this morning. Futures are green. The dollar is soft. European peripheral spreads are narrowing. Every risk signal is pointing in the same direction, and it's the direction traders want. Someone in Washington apparently said the words "final stages of negotiations" again, and the algo community responded with the only vocabulary it knows.
Don't be distracted.
The oil price is a sideshow. The real story — the one that was already building before the weekend's diplomatic theatre — is what's happening at the long end of the Treasury curve. That's where the pressure is structural, not geopolitical. And structural pressure doesn't go away when a deal gets signed in Geneva or Doha or wherever it is they're doing this one.
Last Tuesday, the 30-year Treasury yield cleared 5.19%. Highest since 2007. The 10-year was pushing 4.67%. HSBC put out a note calling it the "Danger Zone" — which is a phrase that sounds dramatic but is actually precise. There is a specific level of the 10-year yield, somewhere around 4.3%, above which Treasury duration starts competing seriously with every other asset in the world. At 4.67%, you're not in a warning corridor anymore. You're in the room.
The bond market selloff got there through a familiar chain: April CPI came in at 3.8% year-over-year, hotter than the 3.7% consensus. Core stripped of food and energy: 2.8%. PPI: 6% annualised, the most since late 2022. The energy price index up nearly 18% year-on-year, accounting for more than 40% of the headline CPI move. The Strait of Hormuz has been functionally closed, and that cost has been methodically filing itself into every supply chain it touches — not just transport, but petrochemicals, fertilisers, plastics, manufacturing inputs whose energy intensity nobody bothered to calculate during the years when oil was cheap and the Middle East was merely complicated rather than actively on fire.
The Fed funds rate sits at 3.50–3.75%. The Fed has held at every 2026 meeting. JPMorgan has officially moved to zero cuts this year. Futures markets, which were pricing three cuts back in March, have since telescoped those expectations into something approaching a coin-flip on a hike by September. Kevin Warsh took the chair on May 22. The man Trump nominated expecting relief from the rate regime has instead inherited a central bank whose April FOMC minutes read like a hawkish manifesto. Macquarie is telling anyone who'll listen that the Fed needs to signal tightening before the June 17 meeting just to get ahead of long-end repricing. Warsh's first press conference will be one of the more uncomfortable in the institution's modern history: a new chair, a president publicly expecting lower rates, and a bond market that has already decided what the answer is going to be.
The political geometry here is almost elegant in how badly it's drawn. Trump pushed Powell out, got his man in, and inflation promptly delivered a three-year high while oil traded above $100 a barrel for weeks. If CPI keeps running at even 0.3% monthly increments from here, the year-end print could approach 4.4%. At 0.4% — the average of the last six months — you're at 5.2% by the November midterms. The White House wanted a cooperative central bank and instead has a data-dependent one in a data environment that offers precisely zero political cover.
Meanwhile equity markets are doing something strange. The S&P was at 7,432 last Wednesday, still up on the year, still supported by six consecutive quarters of double-digit earnings growth. Semiconductors did something extraordinary in April — up 37% in a single month, driven by $650 billion in committed AI capex from the hyperscalers. Forward P/E has actually contracted this year, even as prices rose, because earnings grew faster than prices. The fundamental case for equities is, against all narrative expectations, not obviously broken.
But HSBC's strategists put their finger on the tension precisely. Markets have held because corporate earnings growth stayed robust, because valuations had already partly adjusted, and because investors collectively decided the Middle East conflict is primarily an oil story — not a contagion story. Three load-bearing assumptions, all of them contestable.
The assumption that matters most right now is the third one. Brent falling below $97 on Iran deal optimism is the market testing whether oil was always the ceiling. If a deal gets done — or even credibly telegraphed — and inflation still doesn't retreat fast enough to give the Fed room to ease, then the oil story was never the whole story. The 10-year yield doesn't fall to 4.2% just because Hormuz reopens. Energy was 40% of the April CPI move; the other 60% came from services, shelter, and a labor market that, at 4.3–4.4% unemployment with private sector job creation near flat, is cooling but not broken.
The 30-year clearing above 5% for the first time since 2007 isn't a data point — it's a psychological event. Pension funds, insurance companies, sovereign wealth managers: they all run models that have 5% as a meaningful threshold. At 5%, the risk-free alternative to equities stops being theoretical. Interactive Brokers' Steve Sosnick called current conditions a "yellow alert." His red-alert line on the 10-year sits at 4.65%. We touched 4.67% last week. We're sitting on the wire.
Today's Iran-driven risk-on is a pressure valve, not a solution. The dollar is weaker. Eurozone yields are pulling back. Peripheral spreads are tighter. Brent is at $97 and falling. Everyone feels better. The S&P will probably add another 0.5–1% when US markets reopen tomorrow.
None of which changes the structural problem. Inflation is embedded in the supply chain, in shelter, in services. The Fed's new chair has his first meeting in three weeks and no clean policy path. The bond market has been telling you something for two months, in progressively louder terms, and the equity market has been politely ignoring it.
At some point, one of them is wrong.
May 26, 2026