Baiturrahman Grand Mosque
is the mosque of the Sultanate of Aceh built by Sultan Iskandar Muda Mahkota Alam, in 1022 H / 1612 M The beautiful and magnificent building resembling the Taj Mahal in India is located right in the heart of Banda Aceh City and becomes the focal point of all activities in Aceh Darussalam.
When the Kingdom of the Netherlands attacked the Sultanate of Aceh on the second Dutch army aggression on Shafar Moon 1290 Hijri / 10 April 1873 AD, Baiturrahman Great Mosque was burned. Then, in 1877 the Dutch rebuilt the Baiturrahman Great Mosque to attract the attention and dampen the anger of the Acehnese. At that time the Sultanate of Aceh was still under the rule of Sultan Muhammad Daud Syah Johan Sovereign who was the last Sultan of Aceh.
As a historic place that has high artistic value, Baiturrahman Grand Mosque became a religious tourism object that is able to attract every tourist who comes chuckled in awe of the history and beauty of its architecture. The Baiturrahman Grand Mosque is one of the most beautiful mosques in Indonesia with stunning architecture, fascinating carvings, a large courtyard with a Turkish-Ottoman Turkish-style bathing pool and will be very cool inside the mosque.
History
At the time of the Sultanate of Aceh Darussalam, Baiturrahman Great Mosque is also one of the learning centers of Islam visited by people who want to learn Islam from all over the world.
On March 26, 1873 the Kingdom of the Netherlands declared war to the Sultanate of Aceh, they began to fire cannon fire into the mainland of Aceh from the warship Citadel Van Antwerpen. On April 5, 1873, the Dutch landed at Pante Ceureumen under the leadership of Johan Harmen Rudolf Köhler, and immediately mastered the Great Mosque of Baiturrahman.
Köhler then carried 3,198 soldiers. A total of 168 of them were officers. But this first battle was won by the Sultanate of Aceh, where in the incident the death of General Johan Harmen Rudolf Köhler who was the great Dutch general as a shot by a shotgun by a warrior soldier of the Sultanate of Aceh who then perpetuated his shot on a small monument under the Tree Kelumpang which is near the entrance north of the Baiturrahman Great Mosque.
As the headquarters of the war and the citadel of the people of Aceh, At that time, the Baiturrahman Great Mosque was used as a place for all the war troops of the Aceh Sultanate gathered to develop war strategy and tactics. History notes that Aceh's national heroes such as Teuku Umar and Cut Nyak Dhien participated in taking part in maintaining the Baiturrahman Great Mosque
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The Baiturrahman Great Mosque burned down on the second Dutch army aggression on 10 April in the month of Shafar 1290H / April 1873 AD led by General van Swieten. The Dutch action that burned the Baiturrahman Grand Mosque which is the proud mosque belonging to the Sultan Darussalam Sultanate has made the Acehnese wrath to make an even greater resistance to expel the Netherlands from the Sultanate of Aceh.
The burning of the Baiturrahman Grand Mosque by the Dutch made one of Aceh's best daughters, Cut Nyak Dhien very angry and shouted loudly in front of the burning Baiturrahman Mosque while raising the spirit of Jihad Fillsabilillah Acehnese.
Four years after the Baiturrahman Great Mosque burned, in mid-shafar 1294 H / March 1877 M, by repeating the promise of General Van Sweiten and as an apology also to suppress the anger of the people of Aceh then Governor-General Van Lansberge declared that he would rebuild the burnt Baiturrahman Mosque that.
Source by ; https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjid_Raya_Baiturrahman