ORPHANS:
Children born out of wedlock, children with no parents and relatives, often do not find anyone to support them. Thus they are forced to work for their own living.
WILLINGNESS TO EXPLOIT CHILDREN:
This is at the root of the problem Even if a family is very poor, the incidence of child labor will be very low unless there are people willing to exploit these children.
UNEMPLOYMENT OF ELDERS:
Elders often find it difficult to get jobs. The industrialists and factory owners find it profitable to employ children. This is so because they can pay less and extract more work. They will also not create union problem.