This is a small basic introduction to what are the internal combustion engines

Engine cycles

1. First time or admission: At this stage the descent of the piston sucks the mixture of combustible air in the ignition engines caused or the air in the compression ignition engines. The exhaust valve remains closed, while the inlet valve is open. In the first time the crankshaft rotates 180º, the camshaft to 90º and the intake valve is open and its race is descending.
2. Second time or compression: at the end of the internal stroke, the intake valve is closed by compressing the gas contained in the chamber by the rise of the piston. In the 2nd time the crankshaft gives 360º and the camshaft 180º, and also both valve are closed and its race is ascending.
3. Third time or explosion / expansion: when reaching the end of the upper stroke of the gas has reached the maximum pressure. In spark-ignition or Otto cycle spark ignition of the spark plug causes inflammation of the mixture, while in diesel engines, the fuel is injected through the injector, which is very inflamed, which is self-igniting by pressure and Temperature inside the cylinder, while the camshaft rotates 90 ° respectively, both valves are closed and their stroke is downward.
4. Fourth time or exhaust: at this stage the piston pushes, in its upward movement, the combustion gases exiting through the exhaust valve that remains open.
   Block or monoblock: The block of the motor is the base part where the other components of the same are mounted and is the one that contains the cylinders and the cooling circuit. Currently they are manufactured in a light aluminum alloy whose main alloys are silicon and iron or silicon and copper.
   Crankshaft: It is a cranked shaft, with elbows and counterweights present in some machines that, apply the mechanism of crank - crank, transforming the rectilinear alternative movement into uniform circular and vice versa.
   Piston: Its main function is to constitute the moving wall of the combustion chamber, transmitting the energy of combustion gases to the connecting rod by an alternative movement inside the cylinder.
   Rings rings or hoops are circular pieces of generally rectangular section, adapted to the plunger or piston to a practiced Slots, which serves to make watertight or airtight or isolated from the piston chamber or piston on the cylinder walls .
   Bench bearing: it can be said that it is the organ that constitutes the inner part of the motor, it serves as a support for the missing parts and as a containment wall for the lubricating oil. It must have the strength to withstand the internal stresses coming from the crank-crank system, the reaction coupled and in the case of naval engines, the thrust of the propeller.
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