Violence against women is violent and deliberate behavior directed at women and takes many forms, whether moral or physical, and according to the United Nations definition, violence against women is the behavior against women and motivated by sexual neurosis, resulting in suffering and injury to women in the physical, psychological and sexual aspects, The threat in any form, deprivation, and limitation of women's freedom in their private or public life is a practice of violence against women.
Violence against women is a clear and explicit violation of human rights; it prevents them from enjoying their full rights and has serious consequences not only for women but also for society as a whole, with serious social and economic consequences. It is worth noting that violence against women does not define a particular culture, religion, country or social class, but is a general phenomenon.
Types Of Violence Against Women
Violence against women is not confined to one form, but takes several forms, including:
Physical violence Physical violence is one of the most widespread forms of violence against women, usually caused by a male or female member of the family. This type of violence includes physical harm to women, whether by beating or using a machine, and involves physical violence Poses serious health and psychological risks to the victim and may sometimes result in the death of the victim as a result of excessive force and severe beatings. Physical violence also includes honor crimes committed against a woman in case her chastity is suspected by a male member of her family.
Verbal and psychological violence: violence against women by derogatory words or insults, as well as verbal threats and ill-treatment, including the threat of divorce. Psychological violence has negative effects on women's psychology, although there are no obvious effects. Leading to the injury of women with severe psychological diseases such as depression.
Sexual violence: This violence takes many forms, including sexual harassment, sexual assault, coercion or rape. This form of violence may be practiced by the same husband at times. Under this type of violence, sexual violence is also involved in conflict situations, which means that women are vulnerable to rape in areas of political instability and war.
Economic violence: violence that prevents women from obtaining their economic independence and keeping them as members of their families. This type of violence includes depriving women of education, work and training, which entitles them to enter the labor market and limit their work within the home only, Work and limit her freedom to choose what she likes.
Causes Of Violence Against Women
Women are exposed to violence for several reasons, some of which may simultaneously meet and intertwine, resulting in greater and greater psychological and physical harm to women. The causes of violence against women are based on social, psychological and economic motives as follows:
Social factors Social factors are among the most important motives for violence against women. Social factors include the low level of education and ignorance among members of society, and thus the vulnerability to the erroneous beliefs related to family honor and chastity that spread in society and the surrounding environment. To the imposition of masculine power that appears in the form of physical and sexual violence alike.
Psychological motivations: The psychological factors that have been formed in the personalities of the perpetrators of violence against women in childhood have a significant impact on their behaviors, which appear in the form of aggressive behavior in the eldest. The most prominent of these psychological factors is the perpetrator of the abuse in any way in his childhood, A family environment in which parents bullying, or father assaults on the mother in any way, as well as personal disturbances that may lead to the creation of an anti-social personality.
Economic factors: Economic factors are the most motivated violence against women in many societies today. This is due to the economic pressures of a large segment of society, low living standards, and widespread unemployment and poverty. Psychological great on the family breadwinners, which often collide with the consumerism of consumerism.
Effects Of Violence Against Women
Violence against women has serious consequences not only for women but also for their surrounding family and society and the most significant consequences of violence against women:
Health effects: The first victim of violence against women is the woman herself, and women are affected by health problems such as serious injuries, bruises, and wounds, which may lead to internal disorders, some problems in the digestive system, influence the movement, low public health, some may lead Cases of violence to death.
Psychological effects: The violence has a number of psychological problems such as severe depression and mental disorder, which may lead the victim to suicide attempts due to the great psychological pressure that falls on him, and can cause problems such as alcoholism, smoking and drug addiction, which is reflected On women's mental health in advanced stages.
Social effects: Because women are active members of society, all that passes through it is reflected in the family and the community environment significantly, and the problems caused by violence against women, family disorders, which in turn reflected on children and may lead to mental and emotional instability, Which affects their societal behavior in later stages of life.
Economic problems: Violence against women is a major obstacle to their effective role in society; when subjected to violence, women involve themselves, limiting their participation as an active member of society and depriving them of investing their capacities in the economic payment of society. Violence against women also incurs additional economic burdens to the family as a result of the victim's health treatments.
Prevention Of Violence Against Women
In order to fully address and stop violence against women, all members of society must be very closely involved. Prevention begins with curricula that must include programs to identify and protect violence against women, to promote health and cultural awareness on this subject, To enhance their role in society and to make it an active member by providing training courses to support the development of their skills and abilities, and to promote national strategies that promote equality between men and women and provide equal opportunities for each, Between couples and promote the concept of relationship based on the principles of respect and understanding to create a healthy family atmosphere for children and the family as a whole.
Campaigns To Stop Violence Against Women
A number of international organizations dedicated to defending women's rights have launched numerous initiatives to stop violence against women. The United Nations General Assembly has set an International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women on 25 November and has sought to raise global awareness of women's rights. Of persecution. The General Assembly called on all international and human rights organizations to organize events that promote the concept of combating violence against women.
In 2008, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon launched the Unite to End Violence against Women campaign, which calls on all members of society and their institutions to join forces in combating violence against women through the enactment of penal codes that criminalize perpetrators, To reduce this problem, spread community awareness about this serious phenomenon, develop and implement common national plans by all members of society, and finally gather information about the exact figures of the phenomenon of violence against women to see what the right steps should be taken.
The World Health Organization (WHO) is also taking positive steps to stop violence against women, notably through cooperation with international partners and non-profit organizations in conducting comprehensive social research to identify the problem and the exact figures around it, to identify the problem and develop appropriate solutions, And the application of global health tools and principles to combat this scourge, as well as to raise awareness about the subject of violence against women and to support women's access to all their rights as stipulated in the Constitution of each country.
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