The phenomenon of street children The phenomenon of street children is a widespread phenomenon in all societies around the world. More than 150 million children around the world today are classified as street children; many are forced to earn a living by Such as begging, searching for garbage, selling simple goods as street vendors in poor neighborhoods and cities. [3] What are street children, what causes them to be so, and what are the consequences of this phenomenon? Definition of street children The United Nations has defined street children as any child or girl who takes the street in its various meanings, including desecration, abandoned places, and other places of residence or livelihood, without adequate supervision, guidance or protection by parents Their adult affairs. [4] As Dr. Mohammed Sid Fahmi Street children are under the age of 18, who practice their lives from eating, drinking, sleeping, and others on the street; some work informally, others do not work, and their relationships with their families are described as intermittent or broken. [4] Causes of the phenomenon of street children There are many reasons that led street children to be what they are now, and these reasons are divided into: Family reasons The number of family causes that lead to the phenomenon of street children, and these reasons are: [5] Family disintegration: The children were scattered between the father and mother after a nose Inspired, and the disintegration of the family are pushing children into the street. Domestic violence. Prevalence of children: Lack of interest in children and their needs may push them to the street, especially if accompanied by a difficult economic situation. Discrimination between children in one family: This ignites the spark of jealousy among them, which may lead some children to escape to the street. Orphanage: the loss of one or both parents causes poor supervision and follow-up of children or lack of them, leading them to drift, or join street children. Cruelty: It is one of the reasons; whether it is cruelty by parents, relatives, children, or even the school community. Parental work: Parents may engage in perverse acts, which can also shift the deviation to their children. Social causes Social causes include: (5) Difficult economic conditions: Some families can not provide the basic needs of their children: food, drink, place of residence, and treatment, which allows them to allow children to work in the street; Poor surrounding environment: Adjacent neighbors may lead to child delinquency. School dropout: Severe and rigid teaching methods, and the inability of some parents to afford tuition, force children to flee, leave school, and engage in street environments. Reasons for children themselves for these reasons include the following: [5] The love of ownership and independence; some children may resort to the street; to meet their desires at work, and meet their needs. The tendency to freedom, and escape from bad family atmosphere. The feeling of not caring about the child emotionally, which makes him resort to the street to meet his needs. The effects of the phenomenon of street children are caused by the phenomenon of street children. Some of these problems are classified as social problems that highlight many of the social problems faced by street children. These include the spread of ignorance and backwardness, the increase in the number of illiterates and the number of unemployed persons among the working population. 6] Security problems Street children are usually in a bad environment without a wimp or sergeant, in addition to mixing with older ones, which may lead to their involvement in organized networks of harmful gangs and poor targets; they may work within these gangs in the [6] Psychological problems The early involvement of the child in the labor market leads to psychological problems, including: deviation, maltreatment and adaptation to the surrounding environment , Because he is not physically and psychologically prepared to practice a large number of actions; because he is not fully developed at this age and psychological crises, and is not psychologically prepared to cope with the elderly society, which may lead to serious deviations and frustrations affecting (6) Health problems The child is exposed to many health problems; the street - if the minimum food is provided to keep him alive - does not provide him with the basic food needs required by his body; to meet the requirements of his growth at this stage, and be exposed in an environment The street is dangerous for many serious diseases, such as: eye diseases, scabies, typhoid, and chest diseases. [6] The treatment of the phenomenon of street children Street children should be treated in special ways and methods, which help to treat this phenomenon, Provide a social system concerned with activation A mechanism to monitor and control street children at risk. The establishment of social institutions concerned with early intervention to protect children and their families from various types of violence and exploitation. It is also necessary to intervene to protect child victims of broken families and children working in harmful and insecure environments from an early age. Develop anti-poverty programs, increase the number of family counseling offices, and activate and improve their role. Establish centers to rehabilitate street children psychologically and professionally. Activating the role of the media by its various means; to increase the awareness of society and to mobilize public opinion