Dutch rules for the gender of nouns
I. Common gender nouns
(1). Men or women names.
Example:
de dochter→ the daughter
de moeder → the mother
de vader → the father
de zoon → the son
(2). The names of animals, like fish and birds.
Example:
de leeuw → the lion
(3). The names which refer to flowers, fruit, and trees.
Example:
de perzik → the peach
(4). The names which refer to stones, they are indicated as individual objects.
Example:
de diamant → the diamond
(5). The names which refer to months, seasons, and days.
Examples:
de zomer → summer
(6). The names which refer to rivers
and mountain.
Examples:
de Toba → Toba river
de Nijl → Nile
(7). The names which have ending -aarand, -aard, and also -erd.
Examples:
de standaard → the standard
de mosterd → the mustard
(8). The names of instruments, which are derived from the function of verbs, and the nouns which have ending -er and-el.
Example:
de sleutel → key
(9). Words which have ending -em, -lm and -rm.
Examples:
de bezem → the broom
de helm → the helmet
de storm → the storm
(10). Words which have ending -ing and -ling
Examples:
de leerling → the student
de regering → the government
(11). Monosyllabic words which is derived from verbs.
Example:
de lach → the laugh,
de loop → the walk
(12). The names of the alphabet.
Examples:
de a → the a
de m → the m
de g → the g
(13). The numeral names.
Example:
de zeven → seven
de twee → two
de honderd → the hundred
(14). Musical instruments.
For example:
de piano → the piano
Exceptions:
het orgel → the organ
het spinet → the spinet
(15). Vices and virtues.
Examples:
de woede → the rage
de liefde → the love
(16). Words that have the suffix of -de.
Examples:
de vrede → the peace’,
de zonde → the sin
Exception:
het einde → the end
(17). Words which are derived from adjectives with the suffix -te.
Example:
de duurte → ‘expensiveness
de lengte → length
(18). Words which end -heid & -nis
Example:
vrijheid → freedom
de gebeurtenis → event
(19). The words which end -age, -ei, -ie, -iek, -ij, **-teit & -theek.
Examples:
de plantage → the plantation
de harmonie → the harmony
de fabriek → the factory
de batterij → the battery
de universiteit → the university
de bibliotheek → the library
For exceptions:
het publiek → the public
het schilderij → the painting
(20). Words which have ending -(t)ie and -uw.
Examples:
de actie → the action
de unie → the union
de schaduw → shadow
For exceptions:
het concilie → the council’
het evangelie → the gospel
(21). Adjective which is used as a noun, it refers to a person.
Examples:
de goede → good one
de lelijke → bad one/person’
(22). The words which end -schap, refering to a condition.
Example:
de verwantschap → the relationship
de vriendschap → the friendship
Exception:
de boodschap → the message
de eigenschap → the quality
de wetenschap → the science
Thanks for reading my post. I hope it can be useful for you.
Sources of images are:
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Https://worldatlas.com
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