The first way is to Filter close up. The close up filter is a filter mounted in front of the lens (like a regular filter) whose function is like a magnifying glass useful for obtaining the desired focus magnification. In this way, although it does not have a macro lens, with a regular kit lens can also be used for macro photography..
The second way is to use reverse ring. Actually how it works reverse ring is the same as turning the lens to be used for macro photos. Reverse ring is just a tool that funsingnya to unify the camera body with the lens is reversed..
The third way is with macro extention tube. This extention tube is shaped like a pipe mounted between the camera body and the lens. The goal is to get a closer focus distance in order to focus on photographing small objects..