【Introduction】 Not only India, China also has, in the Sino-Indian border in Tibet. You may have heard Mosuo people marry, may have heard a few take a wife from the Tibetan brothers. But this is a fact, and it is legal. This peculiar marriage, can only say that the world is beyond measure.
The legal marriage in China is monogamous. However, in some remote rural areas in Tibet, marriages of polygamy and polygamy still exist in the history due to poor living conditions and low productivity. China's "Marriage Law" gives Tibet the flexible legal power to implement regional autonomy. The Regulations on the Adaptation of the Law of the People's Republic of China on Marriage adopted by the Tibet Autonomous Region in 1981 stipulated that those who have formed the polygamy and polygamous marriage before the implementation of the Amendments Ordinance shall be granted a stay without initiating the dissolution of the marriage. Polyandry family polygamy, the basic is a brother and wife, there are a handful of friends and wife, and even father and son of a wife.
2004 photos taken. In the picture, Solomon Tsering (right), a village in the suburb of Shigatse, only married one wife (second left) to his three sons, and now only the second son (second from left) who is tailor-made is at home. The eldest son takes a taxi in the county seat, the second son makes a tailor in the village, and the third son stays at home doing farm work. In this 77-person village, 11 belong to polyandry families. Tibetology experts said that Tibet's polyandry system was formed under certain living conditions, mainly due to the poor living environment. Polygamous families can expand family power. With the development of social productive forces and the popularization of modern civilization, This traditional marriage system will gradually disappear.
There is a saying in Tibet: "A family of bearers separated." In the place where the polyandry system was practiced in Tibet, the farmers and herdsmen held a firm attitude toward the polygamy. It is not only the family property that is not dispersed, but also the number of men in the family, some businesses, some farm work, and some grazing, and the family will become increasingly prosperous and prosperous. And brothers regardless of home, relatives reunited, family harmony, no better.
A typical brother-in-law family in Langjiu Village, Jilong Town, Jilong County, Tibet. From left to right: Joey Chu, a wooden bowl, and her mistress hug their younger son, their working brother and their eldest son. In old Tibet before 1951, taxes or allowances were collected on a household-by-household basis. Polyandry families could both avoid the dispersion of property and reduce the burden on families, so that in some places people formed such a Kind of concept: a few brothers regardless of family married a single wife, this family is the ideal family; the same time, a woman can marry a few brothers, this woman must be a virtuous woman. This long-established form of marriage continues today. In the form of polygamous marriages, not only Tibetans in Tibet but also other ethnic groups in Tibet such as the Menba and Lhoba ethnic groups also exist. This is the product of Tibet's natural geographical environment and religion, politics, economy and culture for a long time.
How to marry polyandry?
Its wedding customs are the same as monogamous marriages. Because of Dov, when mentioning relatives, some should clearly state that several brothers and wives, and some do not specify. Wedding held, there are three different situations, one more is a person to attend the wedding on behalf of representatives, most of the elders of the elders are married, after the younger brothers grew up, had a sexual relationship with his wife, from the reputation Her husband became a de facto husband and completed a co-wife family. The second for the brothers are married at a wedding. Sitting together side by side at the wedding, his wife sitting next to. The third part of the brothers to attend the wedding. Only two brothers attended the wedding, his younger brother is still young, you can not attend the wedding.
Traditional habits, the wedding usually for three days to seven days, during the wedding, the bride and groom may not round room, are living separately, a few days later, the bride returned to her family, and then ten days and a half months, or January, two months or even six months a year The length of time a mother lives in her home, depending on the age, distance, etc., agreed upon by both parties, with no special rules) and then returned by her husband's family to start a long-term husband-wife life.
How does a wife and wife husband share the same room?
In the past, it was generally recorded that the husband placed a letter in front of the door saying that other husbands would naturally evade. In the Qamdo survey, there is a new method. Some families and husbands have a tacit agreement and do not need any obvious method. Naturally, they know who has intercourse with their wives in their brothers, such as when they are asleep, gone to their wives' rooms, or gone to bed after their brothers go away. Because every day together, from some subtle move can know, so other husbands consciously avoided. In some specific aspects of life, different places, different families, different people will always have some suitable ways. Unlike some systems that regulate, neatly.
Wives must treat their husbands on the same footing without preference. The wife of Dov family, the community has a common evaluation criteria, if we can do a good deal of brotherhood unity and filial piety, a family get along, it is very virtuous, praised by the media. On the contrary, if a brother jobless wants to separate after marriage, he says his wife is off-center and will be accused of public opinions. In addition to daily life, the difference between a woman and a monogamous family is to handle the sexual relations with her husband. Not eccentric on the ****, try to meet.
Meili Snow Mountain under a polyandry family. From left to right: Mother, younger brother Nevermath only Ma, child, brother Ge Rong, the wives of two brothers - take goods. Gegeng Gezhu brother, 36 years old, younger brother never fight only Ma, 30 years old, his wife took 36 years old. Two sons, one studying at Nyingchi, and one at home. Brother brother grazing; brother no matter put cattle, he tube farmland, just plow and tractor running transport; wife tube property and housework. In response to "Monogamy and several brothers married a wife, what kind of good?" Ge Rong said: "Or a few brothers to marry a wife good, only the extended family can be rich."
Polygamous family children how to call father?
In the polyandry family of polygamy, children call their dads: one is to call eldest brother a father and the rest uncle. In Mangkang also said that big brother as father, followed by the other uncle, uncle, uncle. If the brother died, you can call her brother a father. The other is indiscriminately, a few husbands are all called daddy. Different calling methods are just a habit and do not mean who their children really are. Among the families surveyed, the husbands did not deliberately know who their children were and who they were children of their brother (or brother). Anyway, the children of this family are all children of their own, without any discrimination. On the contrary, the same applies to their children and to their fathers equally, and they do not know who the real biological father is. Children's affiliation, from the family point of view, rather than emphasize the individual. The community's opinion of the children of the Dov family is also "home-based, with outsiders saying that their children are also children of one's family rather than one's children."
How to inherit family property?
For the general farmers and herdsmen, inheritance is mainly the inheritance of family property. It is a common practice that when children grow up or separated or marry and leave home, the division of family property is mainly based on the home-based population, most of whom are one (and some more for parents). Children, including illegitimate children who have been living at home, are all equal. If there are many children in the family, the last parents who stay at home, there is no institutional tradition. Parents who who filial piety, who can do, and I would like to stay at home, then who stay. For the first person, inheritance rights in addition to property, there are still the inheritance of the first person status, which for the son, the same is equal, there is no distinction between length and age, illegitimate children can also inherit. It is this habit that provides the traditional cultural foundation for polyandry families to properly solve their children's problems.