#Healthlife: MIGRAINE,simply a headache or more??

DID YOU KNOW??
• Migraine is the 3rd most prevalent disease in the world,more prevalent than diabetes,asthma and epilepsy combined.
• Migraine is the 6th most disabling disease in the world.

Welcome to the new episode of HEALTHLIFE.Today we will be putting lights on one of the most prevailing but mostly ignored medical condition in the world,MIGRAINE.

Source: https://migraineagain.com/history-of-migraine-from-hemicranea/

Have you ever felt that there is something hammering or pounding onside you head? Sound or talking is unbearable and so is the glare or light . And so one cries in agony with a feel of something piercing,ringing and cries with wildness. If you ever feel so or see someone in such state,then make sure the first thing that strike in your mind is MIGRAINE.

HISTORY:

Putting lights on history,word Migraine was derived from a greek word(imikraniaor hemicrania),meaning ‘half the skull’.Galen,one of the greatest philosopher of Roman Empire,described Hemicrania as a painful disorder affecting only half of the head due to ascent of vapours from stomach that were excessively too cold or too hot.Hippocrates described the details regarding migraine attack in 400 B.C.

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Source:http://www.rantnow.com/2015/05/22/15-historical-remedies-that-did-more-harm-than-good/
In prehistoric time migraine used to be treated by drilling hole in skull(Trepanation) believing to release evil spirit.

WHAT IS MIGRAINE??

source:http://atlascorrectionboise.com/common-triggers-migraines-boise-idaho/

Migraine is considered as a serious disturbance in the sensory sytem that modulates different networks in our body primarily affecting abnormal processing of normal neural traffic.In general,Migraine is recurring syndromes of headache associated with other symptoms of neurologic dysfunction in varying degrees.

WHAT TRIGGERS MIGRAINE?

source:http://www.healthline.com/health/migraine/triggers

• Emotional stress
• Menstruation and related problems
• Hunger
• Weather disturbance
• Sleep alter
• Odour,bright light,sound

SCIENCE BEHIND MIGARINE!!

source:http://pharmacologycorner.com/pharmacologic-treatment-migraine-pathophysiology-clinical-features/

Various theories have been proposed since dates regarding explanation of basis of Migraine.Some popular theories are:
1.Vascular theory:
Migraine Aura phase is by cerebral vasoconstriction and headache is due to rebound vasodilatation.This theory has been obsolete.

2.Neurovascular theory:
Migraine is due to initiation of cortical spreading depression that causes
 Activation of trigeminal afferent nerves which releases neurotransmitters,Substance P,Serotonin,Neurokinin and Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide(CGRP) which cause inflammation of pain sensitive meninges and cranial vessels dilatation which generates headache.

3.Genetic basis
Alteration in KCNK18 gene encoding potassium channel is the cause for Migraine associated with aura.Similarly,in familial hemiplegic migraine,alteration/mutation in genes encoding voltage gated calcium channel,Na+/K+ ATPase pump and voltage gated Na channel is proposed as genetic basis.

IS EVERY HEADACHE MIGRAINE??

No,every headache cant be depicted as Migraine.Based on the site of occurance,one can make a rough estimate of either it is migraine or other sort of headache.

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Source: http://www.westcliniconline.com/therapies/migraines/

ARE YOU HAVING HEADACHE?HOW CAN YOU IDENTIFY IT?

Migraine,most people are familiar with is headache.But, Migraine depending upon the time of presentation,from hours to several days progresses through four main phases:
1.PRODROME: 1 -2 days before aura phase and characterized by irritability,food cravings,neck stiffness,increased yawning.
2.AURA:Precedes headache and is usually visual but may be verbal,sensory or motor.Visual loss expanding to different shapes,tingling sensation,language problem,motor weakness.
3.HEADACHE:Duration varies from hours to days.Unilateral and throbbing in nature with increasing severity over hours.Associated with nausea,vomitimg,photophobia or phonophobia.
4.POSTDROME:Patient feels exhausted(Migarine Hangover) with transient pain on movement.

5.
Source: http://www.migrainebuddy.com/migrainesymptoms-the-stages-of-a-migraine/

International head society has set some criterias for diagnosis of migraine:
-5 or more episodes
-4 hours to 3 days in duration
-at least 2 of following features(unilateral,throbbing,moderate to severe,aggravated or relieved by change in physical activity)
-at least 1 additional features(nausea,vomiting,photophobia,phonophobia)

MIGRAINE!! CAN IT BE MANAGED??

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Source: https://www.painfreelivinglife.com/pain-conditions/migraine/migraine-treatment-and-management/

 Non pharmacological approach
-Regulated lifestyle including healthy diet,avoidance of acute change in stress level,regular exercise,regular sleep patterns assist in preventing the occurance of migraine.

 Acute attack Therapies
1.Analgesics:Caffeine,Aspirin,Acetaminophen
2.NSAIDs:Ibuprofen,naproxen
3.serotonin(5-HT1) receptor antagonist:Ergotamins,Sumatriptane
4.Dopamine antagonist:Metoclopromide,Chlorpromazine
5.Others:Opioids,isometheptene,Butorphanol
(Medicines are taken orally,nasal route or parenterally)

 Preventive Therapies
Drugs like Propanolol,timolol,sodium valproate,topiramate can be used.Similarly,Amitriptyline,Nifedipine can also be used.Main objective is to:
-reduce frequencies and severity and disabilities
-improve treatment responsiveness

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Source: http://tmedweb.tulane.edu/pharmwiki/doku.php/migraine_headaches

A major part of the world is suffering from migraine.Approaches are being made to look for ultimate cure of this medical condition.Hopefully,in upcoming days world might be able to find a cure.Starting from belief of drilling skull to release evil to the use of preventive medications,progress in the field od medicine is really appreciable.

BRING A SMILE IN YOUR FACE,YOU WILL PREVENT HALF OF THE DISEASE YOU MIGHT SUFFER!!

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Source: https://imgflip.com/i/1s7v5h