
Global warming
Due to global warming, the temperature of the Earth is constantly increasing. Due to natural calamities, there are a lot of changes in the climate which affect us. Rise in sea level, changes in weather, melting of glaciers, deficiency of forests, destruction of many types of organisms and vegetation species, increase in various diseases etc. are seen in all parts of the world. In fact, global warming is a major issue related to the existence of mankind. This is the reason why everyone should know about it and take steps to face the danger generated by it.What is global warming?Global warming means the continuous increase in the environmental temperature due to the Earth's average surface or greenhouse effect. What is the greenhouse effect now? Earth's atmosphere is composed of nitrogen, oxygen, etc. which is responsible for maintaining the average temperature of life on Earth at 16 degree Celsius. When the sun's rays collide on the surface of the Earth, most of the energy is absorbed by greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide etc. whereas while part of solar radiation, clouds, snow as infrared radiation And the other promoter goes back into space with the help of things.
A report published in Science magazine said that the temperature of the sea has been rising since the past 60 years and now it is growing at 13 percent faster than the previous estimates. Earlier it was said in 1992 that global sea temperatures have doubled compared to the 1960s.
According to the author of the report of this study, the rate of sea water heating has increased rapidly in the last 60 years, as 90 percent of the heat released from greenhouse gas can be absorbed in the sea.
Experts say that it has been proved that the oceans play an extraordinary role in climate system and their heat is affecting the whole system of the Earth. We have seen that 2016 was recorded as the hottest year in history.
The effects of the following global warming are:
1: - Thawing of glaciers.
2: - Decrease in ozone layer.
3: - Toxic gases in the environment.
4: - Rain without season.5: - Fierce storm, cyclone, storm and drought
6: - Different types of skin diseases, cancer related diseases, malaria and dengue.
7: - Many species of birds and animals disappear, which are unable to cope with the changing environment.
8: - Increasing incidents of fire in the forest.
9: - Thawing on the mountains due to the increased risk of flood.
10: Extension in the desert due to heat.
11: - The event of the field.Information and facts related to global warming
The greenhouse effect (responsible for global warming) is the natural process of the environment. It is not a bad thing in itself - by absorbing the sun's heat, keeping the life potential in the atmosphere keeps the earth warm because this energy exists on our planet. If there is no greenhouse effect on Earth in the form of heat, then the average temperature of the Earth will fall below zero centigrade and the whole earth will be covered with ice.
Unfortunately, since the Industrial Revolution, human activities have increased the presence of greenhouse gases beyond desirable levels. The amount of sun energy is gradually decreasing because greenhouse gases absorb more solar radiation and capture more heat than necessary and does not allow summer to return to the sky.
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) form another group of greenhouse gases which are responsible for reducing the ozone layer, a high level layer of gas in the stratosphere that helps to keep harmful ultraviolet rays out. Ozone layer prevents the sun's dangerous rays from damaging the earth but holes in the ozone layer are increasing the greenhouse effect.
According to scientists of the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC), global sea level increase from 1993 to 2003 has increased by 3.1 mm per year. There was a lot of heat in Europe in July-August 2003, which broke its record. During this time over the past 500 years, 27,000 people died due to heat in the world and 14.7 billion euros were lost in economic losses, while agriculture, forests and energy were not damaged. In April-June 1998 alone, 3028 people died due to lack of heat in India, whereas in 1995, in 527 people died due to hot air within five days in colder cities like Chicago. On July 13, 1995, the city recorded 107 degrees Fahrenheit (42 degree Celsius) temperature. Similarly, in December 1999, there was so much rain in Venezuela that nearly 30,000 people were killed. In Kedarnath of Uttarakhand, 5748 people died due to the cloudburst between 15 and 17 June 2013.
In the last 50 years, glaciers have decreased by 16 percent in the United States. In 1972 there were 6 glaciers in Venezuela, which are now less than two and it is estimated that if global temperatures rise like this then it will end in the next ten years.
The increase in sea surface, changes in weather, melting of glaciers, deficiency in forests, destruction of many types of organisms and vegetation species, rise of various diseases etc. has been observed in all parts of the world.
Asia, the United States and Europe are responsible for 88 percent of the world's total carbon dioxide production. Between 1990 and 2012, they produced 42 percent carbon dioxide emissions, 9 percent nitrogen oxides and 15 percent methane and doubled the amount of chlorinated gases.
According to an estimate, 35 percent of plants and organism species will become extinct by 2050. Due to the economic development race, in the last week of February 2016, pollution in China's capital, Beijing increased so much that the environmental emergency had to be announced. Similarly, in November 2016, the government of India shut down schools for three days in capital Delhi and stopped the construction and destruction of five days due to the dangerous level of pollution reaching PM 2.5The impact of global warming on India
The effects of global warming are visible on soil, air, water, which are the basic foundations of life. In the name of advanced agriculture, India's traditional organic farming was destroyed. Similarly in the 1970s, the borewells were dug in place of wells, which resulted in the reduction of ground water sources in millions of villages.
According to a report of Sinha and Swaminathan in 1991, if the global temperature is increased by 2 degrees Celsius, then paddy production will be 0.75 tonnes per hectare and wheat at 0.45 tonnes per hectare. As per the Indian government report of 2013, the production of paddy in India was 35.9 tonnes per hectare, whereas in China it was 66.86 tonnes, Bangladesh 42.19 tonnes and Myanmar 40.81 tonnes. We are also behind the production of wheat, jowar, maize, millet and pulses. We are behind Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar and China in the production of pulses. According to the mathematical model of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, due to global warming, production of wheat and rice can be reduced by 6% and 4% respectively.
Together we need to develop the understanding of promoting herbal plants and connecting traditional things with our lives. All our festivals are celebrated in terms of nature and environment. We have always been worshiping trees, rivers, ponds and earth, but due to being an orthodox modern society, a well-educated society has put these traditions in the trash and today the piles of garbage are increasing in our society. If we have to save the earth's environment and ourselves, then we have to awaken our traditions and then have to get eternal consciousness again.
Kyoto and Paris climate agreement
The problem of global warming has created many countries of the world on one platform. A solution is being sought to solve this problem. Under the establishment of the Kyoto Protocol in 1997, emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in many countries of the world will be reduced. This protocol has been effective since 2005 but India and China disagree with its many provisions. Both of these countries consider the policies adopted in the Kyoto Protocol to curb global energy as a hurdle in the development of their country. A lot of things were agreed on in the 2015 Paris meeting.
The Paris International Climate Agreement was implemented from 4th of November 2016 worldwide. The pressure of implementing this agreement has increased the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in all countries and reducing global temperature. This clearly proves that all countries are more conscious to reduce the rising global temperature. 96 countries, which are responsible for two-thirds of the greenhouse gas emissions in the world, have formally joined this agreement. After their involvement, it was turned into an international law. It covers 55 countries which emit more than 55 percent of the world's greenhouse gas. Countries involved in this agreement should reduce the global temperature by 2 degrees Celsius. There are many countries expected to join this agreement in the coming times.!How To Stop Global Warming / Solving Global Warming
To prevent the effects of global warming, it is necessary that we take immediate hard steps for this. We have to reduce the proportion of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. It is necessary that we reduce the use of fossil fuels and pollution in factories. Control of emissions by vehicles is also necessary.We have to use sources of energy In which carbon is used in a limited amount such as solar energy, atomic energy and wind energy etc., against global warming In our battle, our biggest supporting tree should be protected from cutting and more trees should be planted. If humanity is to move towards stability then it must keep in mind those things which nature can give us repeatedly We must take a resolution to save the Earth and the environment. Public awareness campaigns, meetings, seminars and conventions and programs need to organize the flow of plantation and flow of rivers. The climate change should be understood in detail and this understanding should not be confined to scientists only. This knowledge is also necessary to understand the common man. The government can put such devices in domestic planes that give us an opportunity to know about the upper surface climate. The data obtained from this can be used for good. How water is polluted in the current days is a matter of deep concern. Reducing pollution will also be responsible for monitoring the quantity and quality of water. We should seriously consider the preservation of earth in the future. Focus should be how the earth can be sustainable and worth the use. We know that we do not have control over natural disasters but if we understand the global warming while protecting the environment from pollution, then great calamities can be avoided. We should reduce the pressure on the metros. If we develop rural areas then unnecessary pressure will be reduced on big cities and metro areas. We have to develop alternate means of livelihood. For example new varieties of crops. We should aim to make low carbon using natural, renewable and clean energy sources such as biofuel, wind energy and solar energy. We need to replace the polluted fossil fuel-manufactured energy with renewable energy. The forests need to be protected because they are the life of the environment. Trees should be protected, forests should be protected, more plantation should be done and prevent deforestation. Need to reduce the use of green fuels. Non biodegradable substances such as not being used in plastic We need to go for less emissions of unwanted gases and then it should be taken as fast as possible to zero level. Tropical forest They should be protected with a special money system. The use of nuclear energy should be reduced. Industrial and domestic wastewater should be recycled. Contaminant-producing vehicles should be banned. We can use air conditioners and other cooling The use of equipment should be reduced. Energy is an infinite source through which the entire world can meet the power requirement The following are still some problems in the total exploitation of this energy source. The bright light of the sun is not available for solar energy all day and it is neutral in the night. Similarly, there is a problem in countries where the sun is not visible or very little visible. It has been suggested that due to the global solar power grid, there may be higher production of solar power. This grid works like this: Solar power is produced in all the countries where intense sunlight is available in abundance is. All the centers should be connected through the electricity grid and spread all over the world so that power generation can be released cumulative for 24 hours. It can also help in controlling the problem of global warming by maximizing solar energy production.Conclusion
If the level of global warming increases, then the day will not be far when the earth will be completely destroyed. This is the reason why we should seriously consider this to avoid the destructive effects of global warming. It should not be the responsibility of only one government or just one country, but everyone should understand the responsibility of controlling global warming and environmental pollution. The problem of global warming can only deal with public awareness and mutual understanding.
We need to know the dangers of global warming to spread awareness by telling other people. Spread more greenery on the earth by planting trees, which can absorb greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide etc. to release oxygen, which can help reduce global warming. Those families, industrial houses and institutions who do not have trees should pay heavy taxes and provide environmental subsidies to the person or organization who follow the environmental protection norms, various awards should be given and they should get tax relief.
Power plants are responsible for the production of greenhouse gases hence the use of solar energy, wind power etc. should be encouraged. All these methods should be widely publicized and environmental laws should be strictly enforced on industry, institutions and individuals.
The way the population is growing, pressures on Earth's resources in the name of development have started to increase the problem of global warming. Only if we can provide safe food, air and water for the growing population, the earth will survive only.