Two-Factor Theory (also known as Herzberg's motivation theory or hygiene-motivator theory). This theory was developed by Frederick Irving Herzberg (1923-2000), a psychologist from the United States. He is considered as one of the great thinkers in the field of management and motivation theory.

Frederick Herzberg stated that there are certain factors in the workplace that cause job satisfaction, while in other parts there are also other factors that cause dissatisfaction. In other words, job satisfaction and dissatisfaction relate to one another.

Certain factors in the workplace by Frederick Herzberg were identified as hygiene factors and motivation factors.

These two factors by Frederick Herzberg are addressed to intrinsic factors and extrinsic factors, where intrinsic factors are factors that encourage employees to be motivated, namely the driving force that arises from within each person, and extrinsic factors namely the impulse that comes from outside of a person, especially from the organization where he works.

This theory is a development of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. And also closely related to McClelland's three social factors theory.