LPG is a mixture of various hydrocarbon elements derived from natural gas. LPG was introduced by Pertamina by the brand of LPG. By adding pressure and lowering the temperature, the gas turns to liquid.
Its components are predominantly propane (C3H8) and butane (C4H10). LPG also contains other small amounts of light hydrocarbons, such as ethane (C2H6) and pentane (C5H12). Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Petamina with the brand of Elpiji, is a gas produced from oil refineries (Refinery BBM) and Refinery gas, is propane gas (C3H8) and butane (C4H10) is approximately 99% and the remainder is pentane gas (C5H12) which is melted. ELPIJI is heavier than air with a specific gravity of about 2.01 (compared to air), the vapor pressure of LPG in a tube is about 5.0 - 6.2 Kg / cm2. Comparison of composition, propane (C3H8): butane (C4H10) = 30: 70. Calorific value: + 21,000 BTU / lb. The mercaptan is usually added to the LPG to give a distinctive odor, so that the gas leak can be detected quickly. Pertamina LPG is marketed in packing tubes (3 kg, 6 kg, 12 kg, 50 kg) and bulk. Figure 2.1 The LPG tube In the atmosphere condition, the LPG will be in the form of gas. The volume of LPG in liquid form is less than in the form of gas for the same weight. Therefore, LPG is marketed in liquid form in pressurized metal tubes. To enable the expansion of thermal expansion of the liquids it contains, the LPG tube is not fully charged, only about 80-85% of its capacity. The ratio between the volume of gas when evaporating with a gas in a liquid state varies with composition, pressure and temperature. The pressure at which the liquid elpiji, called its vapor pressure, also varies depending on the composition and temperature; for example, a pressure of about 220 kPa (2.2 bar) is required for pure butane at 20 ° C (68 ° F) to melt, and about 2.2 MPa (22 bar) for pure propane at 55 ° C (131 ° F).
The advantages and disadvantages of LPG:
- Advantages LPG is Combustion is better due to the improvement of ionic structure of LPG gas by magnetic field. The fires are better thereby maximizing / optimizing the heat calories produced. No side effects. The savings system can also be used for diesel engine and can also be used in the machine using injection (non carburetor). The mounting form is the same as the above-mentioned mounting form, but the exact way and location of the installation can see how to install on commercial products in general with magnet technology. In principle, LPG / gas will penetrate the magnetic field generated.
- Disadvantages LPG is Basically if LPG gas is used properly and appropriately, it will not cause any significant losses. However, in the event of a leak and laid near the fire, will cause a very large and dangerous explosion.