Newborn infants are unique in their physiology and the health problems that they experience. Neonatal period is characterized by transition to extra uterine life and rapid growth and development. This is the phase in life with the greatest risk of mortality. It is also the most critical period for long-term physical and neurocognitive development. Newborn health is the key to child health and survival. Experts say that more than half of under 5 child deaths occur in the neonatal period. Preterm birth complications account for 35% of all neonatal deaths and constitute the most important cause of neonatal mortality.
There are Predominant causes of death in the first week of life include birth asphyxia and preterm birth complications. Health of the mother and care during pregnancy and at childbirth has profound influence on neonatal outcome. The stagnant early neonatal mortality is a cause for concern. So, It is very important to take care of the mother as well.