Neuroscience (in specific the ability of devices to read brain activity) and AI are extremely disruptive to every institution. The issue is many institutions are very conservative and based on a constitution which had some built in assumptions which may not be able to withstand the technological disruptions.
The idea of national debt is interesting but the assumption is that human beings would have to work and the debt would be paid by humans rather than the idea that humans can build AI and the AI can work off the debt. So politicians discussing the debt ceiling will typically say the debt is passed to our children and grandchildren rather than the debt will be passed to robots/AI.
Neuroscience breakthroughs change what it means to be a criminal
Interrogations may be conducted using FMRI and AI. This AI might simply scan the brains of suspects and extract the secrets. This is something which would have immediate military use as a way to detect terrorists and criminals. What are the dangers of this?
AI is disruptive in that it will to some "rob people of their purpose in life". Neuroscience is also disruptive, perhaps much more so, as it could rob people of individuality itself. How should society be reformed, how should justice be reformed, how should law be reformed, in a world where AI can read everyone's thoughts, intentions, and perhaps even develop an ability to predict accurately what an "individual" is likely to do?