In July 2005, TV channel «National Geographic» showed the audience a new project - a multi-part documentary on the person's ability to kill a man.
Much of this project turned out to be a real discovery for the society. By the authors of the film is really shocking facts and research findings in this matter are forced to take another look on the man himself, and to the war. This radically changes our ideas, seemingly well-established and immutable.
Why do people even called in the army and at war for their country, still does not want to kill? Science has found that biological explanations.
In 1947, the American General Marshall poll organized veterans of World War II combat infantry units in order to determine the behavior of a soldier and officer in actual combat. The results were surprising. Only less than 25% of soldiers and officers combat infantry units of the US Army during the battle shooting at the enemy. And only 2% of deliberately aiming at the enemy.
A similar pattern was also in the Air Force: over 50% of American pilots shot down enemy planes accounted for 1% of pilots.
It was found that in those kinds of battles where the enemy is perceived as a person and the person (this is the infantry battles, air duel fighters and so forth.), - The army is ineffective, and almost all the damage caused by the enemy, created only 2% of staff and 98% They are not able to kill.
A completely different picture, where the military did not see the enemy in the face. The effectiveness of tanks and artillery here is much higher, and the maximum efficiency from the bombers. That it during the Second World War and caused maximum damage to the enemy's manpower (approximately 70% of all military and civilian enemy losses).
As for the combat infantry battles "person's face", their effectiveness - the lowest among other arms. The reason - the soldiers can not kill.
Since this is - a serious question the effectiveness of the armed forces, the Pentagon is connected to the research group of military psychologists. It turned out amazing things.
It turned out that 25% of soldiers and officers before each fight to urinate or defecate. As an example of «National Geographic» brings memories of World War II veteran. The soldier veteran says that before the first fight in Germany wet himself, but his commander pointed at himself, too obmochennogo, and said that it is normal before every fight: "As soon as wetting, fear disappears, and I can control myself."
Polls have shown that it is - a mass phenomenon in the army, and even in the war with Iraq is also about 25% of the soldiers and officers of the United States before each fight urinated or defecated.
Emptying the bowel and bladder before his death - this is a normal animal instinct, inherited by man from the beasts: with bowel and bladder easier to escape and run away. But other psychologists explain just could not.
Approximately 25% of the soldiers and officers of the advancing or temporary paralysis of the hands, or the index finger. And if he has to shoot left-handed and left-handed - the paralysis of the left hand touch. That is, it is one of the hands and fingers, which are needed for the shooting. After the defeat of the German Reich archives showed that the same attack and pursued the German soldiers. On the eastern front, there was a constant epidemic "frostbite" hand or finger, which had to shoot. Also about 25% of the formulation.
As it turned out, the causes lie deep in human psychology, the force sent to war.
Studies have also shown that people in general is not an aggressive creature. For example, chimpanzees are in their behavior towards the relatives monstrous aggression, which is absent in human evolutionary, since, according to scientists, aggressive specimens of the human race in the course of human history will inevitably die, and survived only those who are inclined to compromise.
Analysis of the behavior of the dogs showed that instinct prohibits dogs to kill their own kind. They have a clear biological constraints such
behavior, introducing a dog into a state of stupor, if it begins to cause injury to another dog, threatening her life. It turned out that people in such situations, it becomes like a dog. Scientists Pentagon exploring the stress soldiers during the battle, found that a soldier is completely "turned off the forebrain", responsible for conscious behavior, and include lobes that control the body and mind with the help of animal instincts. This explains the paralysis of the hands and fingers of a soldier - an instinctive ban on the killing of their own kind.
That is, it is not a mental or social factors, not pacifism, or vice versa fascism human representations. When it comes to the murder of his own kind, included the biological resistance mechanisms that control the human mind in general are not able to.
As one of the «National Geographic» examples leads Himmler visit to our newly captured Minsk, where the Nazis of Germany, and Belarus the mass extermination of Jews. When the eyes of Himmler, the ideologist and organizer of the extermination of the Jews, a Jew was shot in Minsk, the head of the SS began to vomit, become faint. It is one thing - to write away in the office orders the murder of "abstract" of millions of people, and another thing - to see the death of quite a specific one person was sentenced to death by this order.
The largest American psychologists Sveng and Marchand, who worked on the Pentagon's request, found at all striking. Their findings shocked: if a combat unit is continuously fighting for 60 days, 98% of staff are crazy.
What are the remaining 2%, which in the course of clashes is the main fighting force divisions, its heroes? Psychologists have clearly and convincingly show that these 2% - psychopaths.
A Pentagon scientists was that the effectiveness of actions of forces close combat contact is achieved only in the presence of psychopaths, but because the intelligence units or the shock breakout should be formed only of psychopaths.
However, these 2% and have a small portion of people who are not classified as psychopaths, but can be attributed to the "leaders." These are people who usually go after military service in the police or similar agencies. They do not exhibit the aggressiveness, but they differ from normal individuals is the same as that of the psychotics they can easily kill people - and from this testing are no experiences.
The essence of the American human research that biology itself, own instincts prohibit a person to kill a person. And it was, in fact, has long been known. For example, in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the XVII century conducted research. The regiment of soldiers on the range struck during the inspection target 500. And then in a fight a few days the entire shooting of this regiment was struck only three enemy soldiers. This fact also leads «National Geographic».
Man biologically can not kill a man. And psychopaths who make up 2% of the war, but they are 100% whole army strike force in close combat, the US psychologists reported, in civilian life still are murderers and, as a rule, are in prison. The psychopath - is a psychopath: in war, where he is a hero, in civilian life, where he was in prison.