Produksi minyak sawit di Indonesia tercatat 41,98 juta ton pada 2017.
Angka ini meningkat dibanding 2016 sebesar 35,57 juta ton berdasarkan data Gabungan Pengusaha Kelapa Sawit Indonesia.
The production of palm oil in Indonesia was recorded at 41.98 million tons in 2017.
This figure increased compared to 2016 amounted to 35.57 million tons based on data from the Association of Indonesian Palm Oil Companies.
Sekian puluh juta ton minyak sawit tersebut memenuhi kebutuhan bahan baku minyak masak, margarin, biskuit, sabun, hingga kosmetik untuk pasar dalam negeri dan dunia.
Di sisi lain, limbah pun tersisa dalam jumlah yang tidak kalah besar mengingat hasil produksi minyak sawit itu mencapai puluhan juta ton.
A few tens of millions of tons of palm oil to meet the needs of raw materials cooking oil, margarine, biscuits, soap, to cosmetics for the market in the country and the world.
On the other hand, waste is left in the amount that is not less big considering the palm oil production results to reach tens of millions of tons.
Termasuk pula di Jambi, salah satu provinsi di Sumatera ini menjadi tempat lahan konsesi produksi sawit nasional. Lebih khusus lagi di Desa Dataran Kempas, Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat.
Included also in Jambi, one of the provinces in Sumatra is a place of national oil palm production concession. More specifically in Kempas Plains Village, Tanjung Jabung Barat Regency.
"Total 400 hektar. Produksi sawit per kavling 2 ton. Itu sudah paling tinggi," ujar Supari (45), Ketua Kelompok Tani Mekar Jaya di Desa Dataran Kempas.
Transmigran asal Sragen yang membentuk kelompok taninya pada 1987 ini melihat bagaimana pengaruh besar sawit terhadap mata pencaharian masyarakatnya.
"Total 400 hectares of palm oil production per 2 tons," said Supari (45), Chairman of Mekar Jaya Farmer Group in Kempas Plain Village.
The transmigrants from Sragen who formed their farming groups in 1987 saw how the palm oil impacts on people's livelihoods.
Itu adalah foto Supari, Ketua Kelompok Tani Mekar Jaya di Desa Dataran Kempas, berdiri di tempat pengolahan limbah sawit yang siap dijadikan pupuk kompos.
It is a photo of Supari, Chairman of Mekar Jaya Farmer Group in Kempas Plain Village, standing in a palm oil processing plant ready to be used as compost.
Pupuk olahan kelompoknya kini menghasilkan Rp 1 miliar.
"Di sini mayoritas petani sawit, artinya juga banyak limbah," kata dia.
The group's processed fertilizer now generates Rp 1 billion.
"Here the majority of oil palm farmers, which means also a lot of waste," he said.
Supari bercerita bahwa limbah sawit ini kemudian diolah menjadi pupuk kompos. Saat ini, nilai totalnya mencapai lebih dari Rp 1 miliar.
Cerita pupuk Supari bersama Mekar Jaya bermula dari pemberian sapi 8 ekor dari PT Wirakarya Sakti (WKS) yang merupakan mitra APPSinarmas.
Supari told me that the waste of this oil is then processed into compost. Currently, its total value reaches more than Rp 1 billion.
The story of Supari fertilizer along with Mekar Jaya stems from the giving of 8 cows from PT Wirakarya Sakti (WKS) which is APPSinarmas partners.
Ia melihat kotoran sapi berlimpah. Idenya kemudian muncul untuk mengolahnya menjadi pupuk kompos dengan memanfaatkan limbah sawit. Namun, memasarkannya bukanlah hal yang mudah.
He saw abundant cow dung. The idea then appears to process it into a compost fertilizer by utilizing waste oil. However, marketing it is not easy.
"Kotoran sapi ya siapa yang mau," ujarnya, yang kemudian dibantu sejumlah pihak menyempurnakan komposnya agar dapat diserap pengelola lahan sawit.
Dukungan itu, tiga di antaranya, datang dari PT WKS sendiri, serta pihak dari Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) dan Universitas Jambi (Unja).
"Cow manure who wants to," he said, who then assisted a number of parties to complete the compost so that the palm land management can be absorbed.
The support, three of them, came from PT WKS itself, as well as parties from Gadjah Mada University (UGM) and Jambi University (Unja).
****Tujuh puluh persen limbah/Seventy percent waste****
Peneliti dari UGM, Unja, bersama WKS memberikan pelatihan pengolahan dan pengomposisian kotoran sapi dengan limbah. Totalnya 70 persen dari limbah, yang terdiri dari sisa kupasan buah atau jangkos (janjang kosong), abu sisa pembakaran di pabrik kelapa sawit, dan pelepah sawit yang dibuang saat perawatan.
Researchers from UGM, Unja, together with WKS provide training on processing and composting cow dung with waste. A total of 70 percent of the waste, consisting of leftover peel or stalk (empty bare), ash residue burning at palm oil mill, and palm bleach removed during treatment.
"Sisa kupasan buah 30 persen, 30 persen kotoran sapi. Lalu abu sisa pembakaran 20 persen, hijauan dari pelepah segar 20 persen. (Pelepah diambil dari pohon sawit) karena memang harus di-grooming, di sini sangat melimpah," ujar Marsono, kepala produksi di Mekar Jaya.
"The rest of the fruit is 30 per cent, 30 per cent of cow dung, and 20 per cent of the burning ash, 20 per cent of the fresh leaves of vegetables," because it must be groomed, it is very abundant, "said Marsono production in Mekar Jaya.
Limbah sawit dan kotoran sapi olahan Kelompok Tani Mekar Jaya di Desa Dataran Kempas, Jambi, dalam tahap fermentasi.
Empat macam bahan baku ini diaduk dengan traktor tangan. Setelahnya, hasil adukan ditutup dengan terpal sebagai proses fermentasi. Proses ini berlangsung minimal selama 21 hari, sampai akhirnya hasilnya dibungkus dan dijual. Produksi pupuk itu kini 1.000 ton dalam sebulan.
Oil palm waste and processed cattle Mekar Jaya Farmer Group in Kempas Plain Village, Jambi, in the fermentation stage.
Four kinds of raw materials are stirred with hand tractors. Afterwards, the mortar is covered with a tarpaulin as a fermentation process. This process lasts for at least 21 days, until finally the results are wrapped and sold. The fertilizer production is now 1,000 tons a month.
"Dulu Pak Supari coba-coba, lalu disempurnakan dari sejumlah lembaga yang datang, termasuk dari Universitas Gadjah Mada, Unja," kata Marsono yang merupakan pendatang, juga dari Sragen.
Komposisi limbah-limbah sawit yang berjumlah hampir tiga perempat dari keseluruhan produk itu diharuskan memenuhi standar perhitungan uji laboratorium WKS.
"Previously Mr. Supari tried, then refined from a number of institutions that came, including from the University of Gadjah Mada, Unja," said Marsono who is an immigrant, also from Sragen.
The composition of the palm oil wastes, amounting to almost three quarters of the total products, is required to comply with WKS laboratory test standards.
"Jadi perannya ada N (nitrogen) diambil dari hijauan, P atau pospat dari abu dan kotoran sapi, kalium karbon dari abu. Dari masing-masing itu sudah ada kandungan lain. Kami harus ada uji di laboratorium. Apabila unsur sudah mencukupi, maka kami terima pupuk kompos," ujar Bambang Kisworo, Kepala Community Development PT WKS.
"So the role there is N (nitrogen) taken from forage, P or pospat of ash and cow dung, potassium carbon from ash.From each of it there is another content We have to test in the laboratory If the element is sufficient, then we receive compost, "said Bambang Kisworo, Head of Community Development PT WKS.
Karya Trans Mandiri yang ditargetkan memproduksi 600 ton pupuk kompos dari limbah sawit dan kotoran 80 dombanya, hasil pengembangbiakan domba bantuan sebanyak 30 ekor dan swadaya.
Trans Mandiri's work is targeted to produce 600 tons of compost from the waste of palm and 80 sheep dung, the result of sheep breeding aid as much as 30 tail and self-help.
Di Desa Dataran Kempas, WKS juga menumbuhkan kelompok-kelompok tani lain, seperti Karya Trans Mandiri yang ditargetkan memproduksi 600 ton pupuk kompos dari hasil kotoran 80 dombanya, hasil pengembangbiakan domba bantuan sebanyak 30 ekor dan swadaya.
In the Kempas Plain Village, WKS also grows other farmer groups, such as Karya Trans Mandiri, which is targeted to produce 600 tons of compost from 80 sheep, 30 sheep breeding and self-help sheep breeding.
Kemudian ada jahe merah Kelompok Wanita Tani Mekar Wangi yang didirikan pada November 2017 di lahan seluas 1 hektar dengan modal bibit sebanyak 20.000 polybag. Ada pula tambak ikan nila Karang Taruna Laskar Nusantara yang mulai didirikan pada Mei 2017 dengan modal awal bibit ikan 30.000 ekor.
Then there is a red ginger Group Mekar Wangi Farmer Group which was established in November 2017 on an area of 1 hectare with seed capital of 20,000 polybags. There is also a fish pond indigo Karang Taruna Laskar Nusantara which was established in May 2017 with initial capital of 30,000 fish seedlings tail.
Tambak ikan nila Karang Taruna Laskar Nusantara di Jambi dengan modal awal bibit ikan 30.000 ekor.
Melaluinya, masyarakat Jambi diajak untuk beralih kegiatan membuka lahan dengan membakar hutan.
Tilapia fish tilap Karang Taruna Laskar Nusantara in Jambi with initial capital of 30,000 fish seedlings.
Through it, the people of Jambi are invited to switch land clearing activities by burning the forest.
Keberadaan kelompok tani ini sendiri merupakan pengalihan minat bertanam sawit.
Pasalnya, kebanyakan petani lokal non-plasma masih membuka lahan dengan membakar hutan tanaman. Wilayah itu sendiri turut terdampak asap kebakaran yang puncaknya terakhir terjadi pada 2015 lalu.
The existence of this farmer group itself is a diversion of interest in oil palm planting.
The reason, most non-plasma local farmers are still clearing land by burning plantations. The region itself was also affected by the peak smoke that last occurred in 2015.
"Saat itu yang di kota mungkin tidak terlalu terkena dampaknya, tetapi yang hidup di sini mau lari ke mana pun asap mengejar, bahkan mungkin nyawa taruhannya," kata Supari, yang kini merasakan hasil 1.000 ton (1 juta kg) pupuk kompos berharga jual Rp 1.135 per kg. Artinya, dana yang terkumpul Rp 1,135 miliar per bulan.
"At that time the town may not be affected, but the people living here will run wherever smoke chases, maybe even the lives of the stakes," said Supari, who now feels the result of 1,000 tons (1 million kg) of compostable fertilizer selling Rp 1,135 per kg. That is, funds collected Rp 1.135 billion per month.