Masjid Raya Baiturrahman is a mosque of Sultanate of Aceh which was built by Sultan Iskandar Muda Mahkota Alam in 1022 H / 1612 M. Beautiful and magnificent buildings similar to Taj Mahal in India is located right in the heart of Banda Acehdan and become the center of all activities in Aceh Darussalam.
When the Kingdom of the Netherlands attacked the Sultanate of Aceh on the second Dutch army aggression on Shafar Moon 1290 Hijri / 10 April 1873 AD, Baiturrahman Great Mosque was burned. Then, in 1877 the Dutch rebuilt the Great Mosque of Baiturrahman to attract attention and dampen the anger of Aceh Nation. At that time the Sultanate of Aceh was still under the rule of Sultan Muhammad Daud Syah Johan Sovereign who was the last Sultan of Aceh.
As a historic place that has high artistic value, Baiturrahman Great Mosque becomes a religious tourism object that can make every tourist who come chuckle amazed at the history and beauty of architecture, where Baiturrahman Great Mosque is one of the most beautiful mosque in Indonesia that has stunning architecture, carving an attractive, spacious courtyard with a Turkish-Ottoman Ottoman Turkish bath pool and will be very cool when inside this mosque.
during the Sultanate Aceh Darussalam, in addition to the Grand mosque in the Holy city Makkah, mosque Kingdom baiturrahman also be one of learning Center religion islamyang visited by people who want to learn the Islamic from all over the world. on March 26, 1873 Dutch declare war to the Sultanate Aceh, they start fired Cannon to mainland Aceh of warships Citadel Van Antwerp. on April 5, 1873, the Netherlands landed in pante ceureumen under the leadership of Johan harmen Rudolf Köhler, and can directly master the mosque Kingdom baiturrahman. Köhler time it took 3.198 Army. as many as 168 of them officers. However war this first was won by the Sultanate Aceh, where in the event the death of general Johan harmen Rudolf Köhler which is a great general Netherlands due shot by using the rifle by a forces war Sultanate Aceh which then immortalized place tertembaknya on a monument small under the tree kelumpang near the entrance of the North mosque Kingdom baiturrahman. as the headquarters of the war and the stronghold Acehnese, at that time, the mosque Kingdom baiturrahman used as a place for all forces war Aceh Sultanate gathered to develop strategies and tactics war. history noted that heroes National Aceh like teuku Umar and cut nyak dhien participate take a stake in defending mosque Kingdom baiturrahman. mosque Kingdom baiturrahman burned away at the aggression Dutch Army second on April 10 months Safar 1290h / April 1873 ad led by general Van swieten. action Dutch burn mosque Kingdom baiturrahman which is a mosque pride belong to the Sultanate Aceh Darussalam this is what makes Acehnese wrath so do resistance increasingly great to repel Netherlands Aceh Sultanate. burning mosque Kingdom baiturrahman conducted by the Netherlands this makes one of daughters best Aceh, cut nyak dhien very angry and screaming aloud right in front of the mosque Kingdom baiturrahman being burned while uplifting Jihad fillsabilillah nation Aceh. "Oh all believers named Acehnese! look! see themselves with your eyes! mosque we dibakarnya! them against God subhanahuwataala! your place of worship dibinasakannya! name of God dicemarkannya! camkanlah it! we must not forget Budi infidel similar it! still there Acehnese who like to forgive sin infidel similar that? still there Acehnese who like to be a slave unbelievers Netherlands?" (szekely lulofs, 1951: 59). four years after the mosque Kingdom baiturrahman burn, in the mid Safar 1294 H / March 1877 ad, with a repeat the promise of general Van sweiten and as an apology well to reduce the anger Acehnese the governor general Van lansberge stating will rebuild mosque Kingdom baiturrahman that has been burned it.
this statement announced after held consultative with the heads of state around Banda Aceh. in which concluded that the influence of the mosque very large impression for Acehnese 100% Muslim. the promise implemented by the general major-general Karel Van der heijden as governor military Aceh at the time and right on Thursday 13 shawwal 1296 H / October 9, 1879 ad, placed Stone first represented by Tengku qadhi malikul fair. mosque Kingdom baiturrahman completed rebuilt in the year 1299 H with only have one Dome. in 1935 ad, mosque Kingdom baiturrahman expanded the right and left with additional two Dome. expansion of this is done by the office of public works (b.o.w) at a cost as much as F. 35.000, - (Thirty-five thousand Gulden) with project leader IRS. M. Tahir and completed at the end of 1936 M. business expansion followed by a committee with the committee expansion of the mosque Kingdom kutaraja. with the decree October 31, 1975 agreed anyway expansion the second and implementation submitted to the contractor NV. Zein Jakarta. expansion of these increases two Dome again and two towers the North and South. with the expansion of the second mosque Kingdom baiturrahman have five Dome and finished dekerjakan in 1967 ad.
in order to welcome musabaqah tilawatil qur'an the National level to-XII on 7's / D June 14, 1981 in Banda Aceh, mosque Kingdom baiturrahman diperindah with equipment, installation klinkers on the streets in the yard. repair and the addition of a wudu of porcelain and door installation krawang, light chandelier, writing calligraphy verses qur'an of the material brass, the Dome and installation Fountain in the pool home. in the year 1991-1993, mosque Kingdom baiturrahman carry out the expansion of back-sponsored by the governor of Dr. Ibrahim Hasan, which include home and rear as well as the mosque itself. the mosque expanded, including the floor mosque place prayer, library, living room, space office, the Hall and place wudu. while the expansion of the page includes, garden and the parking lot and one fruit main tower and two minaret. so large room in the mosque be 4.760 m2 story marble made in Italy, type the size 60 × 120 centimeters and can be menampug 9.000 congregation.
with the expansion of the mosque Kingdom baiturrahman now have 7 Dome, 4 tower, and 1 tower parent. from time to time mosque this has grown rapidly good to be reviewed in terms of architecture and community activities. in accordance with the development, area mosque Kingdom baiturrahman ± 4 ha, in which there is a pool, tower parent and the page other overgrown grass styled neatly and beautiful interspersed plants / tree ornamental. when the tsunami meluluh bullion land rencong Aceh on December 26, 2004, the mosque Kingdom baiturrahman still standing with megahnyperjuangan and nationalism Acehnese.
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