- The weather is getting harsh
Global climate change makes weather phenomena move in the extreme, harsher than before.
All over the world are faced with the extreme weather phenomena: floods, droughts, hot sun, snowstorms ...
The IPCC's projections indicate that the world will have more severe rainy seasons in the summer, more severe snowstorms in the winter, and droughts that will be severe. The heat is also more intense.
Forecasts and statistics show that extreme weather events will increase in intensity and magnitude in the time to come if we continue to destroy the planet as it is now.
- Sea level rise, sea water is gradually warming
Global warming not only affects the surface of the sea, but also affects areas deeper than the sea. Accordingly, in the deep sea more than 700m, even the deepest of the ocean, the water temperature is warming up.
Sea level rise at an average speed of 1.8 mm per year in the last century. Using satellites to measure sea level, scientists say that between 1993 and 2000 sea levels rose to between 2.9 and 3.4 ± 0.4 to 0.6 mm per year, mainly as a result of the thermal expansion, warming up and melting of the ice sheets.
The rising temperature causes the water to expand, melting glaciers, glaciers and continental ice, which increases the amount of water added to the ocean.
Scientists have warned that if this trend continues, water levels in the 21st century could rise to 28-34cm, and some islands or lowlands may be completely submerged.
- The ice melting phenomenon in polar and Greenland
Through empirical research, Arctic waters warmed up twice as fast as the global average, and the area of the Arctic Sea covered by ice each summer is shrinking.
According to the United States National Snow and Ice Data Center, as of September 16, 2012, the Arctic ice cover is only 3.4 million square kilometers. In other words, Arctic sea ice has lost 80% of its mass at the present time.
In 1995, the Larsen A iceberg collapsed and began to melt, and later years, large icebergs collapsed, disappearing.
Along with that, the temperature in the southern hemisphere increased by about 2.8 degrees Celsius, which made the summer ice melting here 10 times faster than 600 years ago. This has proven that the level of melting in the Antarctic Peninsula is particularly sensitive to temperature increases in the twentieth century.
The second largest ice sheet in the world after Antarctica - Greenland is disappearing at a "dizzying pace". Three of NASA's satellites discovered that almost all of Greenland's vast glaciers suddenly melted in July. Even the Summit station, the coolest and highest on Greenland Island, has begun to melt.
According to NASA experts, the phenomenon of large melting ice in Greenland is due to a warm air flow over the island. They also say that the total area of ice melting increases from 40% to 97% in just 4 days.
Recently, scientists have also released images and videos of 1,600-year-old ice melting in just 25 years.
. The temperature background constantly changes
Whether measured from land or from satellites, we can not deny the fact that global temperatures are rising. The National Climate Change Center's climate control agency said the 1980s were the hottest decade to date.
However, the average annual temperature of the 90s is higher than the average temperature of the 1980s. In the 21st century, the average temperature is higher every year.
According to statistics, the first 10 years of the 21st century marked a big increase in temperature with the record heat of the Earth. Global mean temperatures on land and sea levels have increased by about 0.74 degrees Celsius over the past century.
Scientists at the Oregon State University and Harvard University in the United States have surveyed data from 73 rock formations, sedimentary rocks at tracking centers around the world. They want to reproduce a temperature history across the planet since the end of the last ice age.
After the study, scientists concluded that the Earth's temperature had risen the most in 11,000 years and could rise another five degrees in the next 100 years.
- Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere are rising
By analyzing air bubbles in Antarctica and Greenland, scientists have come to the conclusion that, over the past 650,000 years, carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations range from 180 to 300ppm (units of measurement to express the concentration by mass, in millions).
Before the industrial revolution took place (mid-eighteenth century), the CO2 concentration was measured at about 280ppm. However, this number has grown rapidly over the years and now it is approaching the threshold of 400ppm.
According to the International Energy Agency (AIE), CO2 emissions will increase by 130% to 900ppm between now and 2050, twice the amount that is not allowed.
An analysis of atmospheric carbon isotopes shows that the increase in atmospheric CO2 is a result of burning fossil fuels and burning forests, rather than as a result of natural processes.
Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, increasing the greenhouse effect of the atmosphere and thus leading to warming of the Earth.