Obesity:
Overweight and obesity are
defined as abnormal or
excessive fat accumulation that
presents a risk to health.
BMI !!
The BMI is a convenient rule of thumb used to broadly categorize a person as
underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese based on tissue mass
(muscle, fat, and bone) and height. Commonly accepted BMI ranges are
● underweight (under 18.5 kg/m2),
● normal weight (18.5 to 25),
● overweight (25 to 30), and
● obese (over 30).
BMIs under 20 and over 25 have been associated with higher all-causes
mortality, with the risk increasing with distance from the 20–25 range.
Causes of Obesity :
● Physical inactivity. Sedentary
people burn fewer calories
than people who are active.
● Overeating.
● Genetics. A person is more
likely to develop obesity if one
or both parents are obese.
Genetics also affect hormones
involved in fat regulation. For
example, one genetic cause of
obesity is leptin deficiency.
● A diet high in simple
carbohydrates. Carbohydrates
increase blood glucose levels,
which in turn stimulate insulin
release by the pancreas, and
insulin promotes the growth of
fat tissue and can cause weight
gain.
● Frequency of eating.
Complications :
Obesity has been linked to a
number of health complications,
some of which are
life-threatening:
● type 2 diabetes
● heart disease
● high blood pressure
● certain cancers (breast,
colon, and endometrial)
● stroke
● gallbladder disease
● fatty liver disease
● high cholesterol
● sleep apnea and other
breathing problems
● arthritis
● infertility
Management Plan :
- Life style Modifications:
Dietary changes:
● Cutting calories.
● Feeling full on less
● Making healthier choices
● Restricting certain foods.
● Meal replacements.
Exercise android activity:
● Exercise
● Keep moving
Behavior changes :
● Counseling
● Support groups.
