The following graphic shows most of the logical fallacies.
Logical Fallacies are arguments that are based on ill-logic, or, based on a supposition that cannot be proven.
Examples:
Ad Hominem - "Attacking your opponent's character or personal traits in an attempt to undermine their argument." This is very prevalent in social media forums where people laud insane and unjustified attacks at people who are probably complete strangers. Both parties usually descending into distended name calling(ad hominem).
Bandwagon - "Appealing to popularity or the fact that many people do something as an attempted for of validation." You can see this again in social media forums when someone claims their are going to unfollow another in the hopes to win others over to their cause.
Strawman - "Misrepresenting someone's argument to make it easier to attack." This is done the world over. If only people knew they bring THEIR OWN understanding to everything they see, feel, touch, smell, ... type, ... using Strawman attacks would be the last thing used. They are usually a laundry list of the attacker's insecurities and prejudices. If a Strawman is used in debate, it is quite easy to simply listen and collect their arguments and turn them back around on the attacker, who probably did not prepare for their own arguments to be used against them.
Tu Quoque This is NOT a city in New Mexico. Tu quoque is usually the result of one of the fallacies above. "Avoiding having to engage with criticism by turning it back on the accuser - answering criticism with criticism." This is your garden variety troll tactic.
Trolls usually use this tactic; create a strawman, associate victim to the strawman with ad hominem, hoping for a reaction from the victim, also hoping for bandwagon, resulting in Tu quoque; truly a cycle of insanity.
Begging The Question - "A circular argument in which the conclusion is included in the premise"
AND
Loaded Question - "Asking a question that has an assumption built into it so that it can't be answered without appearing guilty."
These two are quite similar, although having different uses, most times when one begs a question they have loaded it with an assumption. I can beg the question 'The Bible is complete and true and therefore everything I believe is complete and true' vs loading a question 'The Bible is complete and true and anyone who doesn't believe it is going to hell." Both have an assumption but one is directed towards someone else(loaded question) while the other is cyclical and participants may end up confused about what they are arguing about. Loading a question is usually so a desired outcome will occur without the person who loaded the question having to directly say what they want to happen. Begging the question undergirds almost all religious practice today. Sad.
The Texas Sharpshooter "Cherry-picking data clusters to suit an argument, or finding a pattern to fit a presumption." Researching only long enough to support pre-constructed conclusions. Prejudice is ammunition in this logical fallacy. 99% of all advertising uses the Texas sharpshooter fallacy when only showing you the portions of the product that will SELL the item, and hiding or overshadowing the portions of the product that would NOT SELL. Some American doctors in the '40s and '50s RECOMMENDED smoking to their patients.
Trolls who study and use logical fallacies with skill are actually called Ogres. ~Not a true statement
Luckily, trolls don't care about becoming better individuals, they prey and consume the weak, they are pretty useful actually. ~Moderately true statement.
Look through the rest of the fallacies and see if you use any. You may be surprised at the amount and frequency they are used.
Learning these can save you a ton of time in life and especially on the Interwebs. If you choose only one research and contemplate "the Strawman," it is a huge red flag and once you see it waving it becomes a veritable cornucopia of information attackers are completely defenseless against.
I presented these on this forum to help others refine their speech and output.
"Sometimes its best just to stay quiet and listen."