Well, it happens when you take a large dose of certain drugs and it's called "comedown", after a huge rise in dopamine and serotonin the body will try to balance everything and you might feel depressed for a day. But the thing with those drugs is that you can't take them every day since you build resistance and also you wouldn't even want to trip every day haha
It doesn't seem to be the case with microdosing and even if it is... maybe on a really small and insignificant scale, you can think about it like supplementing on vitamins for a long time. Think about it, we take drugs every day which mess with our adrenaline level and we eat and do things that change our insulin and cortisol levels all the time. The case is different when you inject large doses of insulin directly :)