Excellent post! This is a topic I have been looking into recently and you have given me some new insights. On the topic of things to look for that suggest we may be in a simulation, one particularly interesting one for me is the effect of large amounts of gravity and very high speeds on time. This of course is the time dilation described by general relativity. Time slows down more and more as we get near to greater masses and as we move at greater speeds. From a computer simulation point of view this makes sense. The more mass and speed we add the more we would be challenging the computational ability of our simulated reality. It could be then that the effect of gravity and speed on time is simply a lag effect in our reality.
RE: If reality were only a simulation how would WE the simulants be able to know for sure?