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Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology: Activity 3: Hormone Replacement Therapy Lab Report
Pre-lab Quiz Results
You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly.
- Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
You correctly answered: d. stimulates ovarian follicle development. - Estrogen
You correctly answered: d. is produced by developing ovarian follicles. - Calcitonin
You correctly answered: b. works against the development of osteoporosis. - Which of the following statements is true?
You correctly answered: c. The ovaries stop secreting estrogen after menopause.
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Experiment Results
Predict Question:
Predict Question 1: What effect will the saline injections have on the control rat's vertebral bone density?
Your answer : c. The saline injections will not change the rat's vertebral bone density (indicated by an unchanging T score).
Predict Question 2: What effect will the estrogen injections have on the estrogen-treated rat's vertebral bone density?
Your answer : a. The estrogen injections will increase the rat's vertebral bone density (indicated by a less-negative T score).
Predict Question 3: What effect will the calcitonin injections have on the calcitonin-treated rat's vertebral bone density?
Your answer : a. The calcitonin injections will increase the rat's vertebral bone density (indicated by a less-negative T
score).
Experiment Data:
Rat Elapsed Days Saline injections Estrogen injections Calcitonin
injections
T score
Control 7 7 0 0 -2.82
Estrogen 7 0 7 0 -1.73
Calcitonin 7 0 0 7 -2.30
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Post-lab Quiz Results
You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly.
- Saline injections were used in this experiment to measure the effect of
You correctly answered: c. a placebo on bone density. - In the ovariectomized rats used in this experiment
You correctly answered: d. osteoporosis was evident prior to the injections of estrogen. - Injection of calcitonin into an ovariectomized rat will
You correctly answered: b. inhibit osteoclast activity and stimulate calcium uptake and deposition in long bones. - As the rat's bone density increases
You correctly answered: a. the X-ray scanning assay reports a less-negative T-score.
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Review Sheet Results
- Why were ovariectomized rats used in this experiment? How does the fact that the rats are ovariectomized explain their
baseline T scores?
Your answer:
Ovariectomized rats refers to them having estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss, particularly during early stages of
osteoporosis
They are used because they ar ethe most accurate model for adult human osteoporosis, and they have many advantages
due to their small size and short life span - What effect did the administration of saline injections have on the control rat? How well did the results compare with
your prediction?
Your answer:
The saline injections were used as a placebo, as I predicted - What effect did the administration of estrogen injections have on the estrogen-treated rat? How well did the results
compare with your prediction?
Your answer:
The estrogen injections increased the bone density readings, as I predicted - What effect did the administration of calcitonin injections have on the calcitonin-treated rat? How well did the results
compare with your prediction?
Your answer:
The calcitonin injections increased bone density, also as I predicted - What are some health risks that postmenopausal women must consider when contemplating estrogen
hormone-replacement therapy?
Your answer:
Some health risks associated with estrogen therapy in the postmenopausal phase are the development of breast,
endometrial, ovarian and other types of cancer as well as other serious health conditions such as blood clotting