When we analyze the historical, political, economic and social context that we currently live in the world, in Latin America and, moreover, the one that is recently lived in Venezuela, we can observe that there are two strong ideological currents, under which we are being influenced, and that both are opposed to being totally different, these are the ideology of the republic and that of populism.
The republic, is a word that comes from the Latin res public ("public thing"), is a form of organization of the State, in which the highest authority performs functions for a determined time and is elected by citizens, either directly or through Parliament (whose members are also elected by the population). This is a system of government that tries to guarantee life, liberty and private property. The republic unites three forms of government the monarchy in the form of the president, the aristocracy in the form of a parliament and democracy as a vehicle or means of communication, in such a way that by joining it cancels the vices and defects of each of these three forms of government separated individually.
Populism is a political concept that makes reference to the movements that reject traditional political parties and that show themselves, either in actual practice or in speeches, combative against the dominant classes. Populism appeals to the people to build their power, understanding the people as the lower social classes without economic or political privileges. It usually bases its structure on the constant denunciation of the evils that the privileged classes embody. Populist leaders, therefore, present themselves as redeemers of the humble. The term populism has a pejorative meaning, since it refers to political measures that do not seek the well-being or progress of a country, but rather seek to obtain the acceptance of the voters regardless of the consequences.
Then, we understand populism as a shortcut by which people play with the passions of illusions and ideals to promise what is impossible by taking advantage of the misery of the people, leaving out absolutely all the reason and logic in making decisions, playing with the need to impose a dictatorship
Now, once these two concepts have been defined, it is valid to make a distinction or a reflection about what both ideologies propose. While we observe that populism, at present, is in charge of dismantling institutions, amalgamating power, rewriting constitutions, changing codes and laws, restricting individual and commercial liberties, it is a system where the fundamental human rights of people are also violated and where the only beneficiaries are those who are in the government, who hold government positions and the groups close to those around them. In the populism are the leaders or officials are those who make the decisions and make believe that they are the only ones capable of guiding their people and that without them there is no way to subsist.
While, the republic raises the unification of the systems of government that have existed throughout history reflecting on their shortcomings and highlighting the virtues of each to try to reach a consensus in which all the sectors that make up a country, an entity or a region have sufficient participation in such a way that it is possible to govern, in every sense of the word, an entire people in an efficient, fair and transparent manner, respecting the fundamental rights of human beings, such as the right to life, freedom of expression, the right to private property, and remembering that rights are not static but that they evolve today there are rights that must also be guaranteed and that This way of thinking respects them, these are: right to the internet, to knowledge, among others.
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