Hello friend of the farms in this opportunity I am going to talk to you about the chicken. The poultry industry, due to its intensive production, has the potential to provide, in addition to eggs and meat, organic and quality waste materials such as chicken manure.
This material has great advantages to increase the production of the crops, among the most important are: the contribution of nutrients such as N, P and K, and increase of the organic matter of the soil. The use of the Gallinaza as fertilizer for the crops turns out to be a highly recommended choice thanks to its low cost and the richness of the mixture.
The Gallinaza as fertilizer is prepared to be used in both the livestock industry as in the agricultural industry and has as its main component the manure of the hens that are produced for the production of eggs. It is very important to differentiate it from the poultry manure, which has as its main component the manure of chickens that are produced for meat consumption.
Gallinaza. Excreta laying hens that accumulate during the egg production stage or during periods of development of this type of birds, mixed with food waste and feathers. The mixture with the materials of the bed may or may not be considered.
Pollinaza Excreta of birds of fattening (meat), from its beginning until its exit to market, mixed with waste of food, feathers and materials used as bed. How to define the quantity and quality of chicken manure produced.
The manure of the hens must first be fermented to reduce the amount of microorganisms present as bacteria, which in high concentrations can be harmful. The microorganisms that are found in the Gallinaza as untreated manure could even compete to take advantage of the nutrients of the plants, which results in significant damage and adverse results.
In the specific case of the manure used as compost, that is, as an organic fertilizer, it is fundamental first to ferment the excrement of the hens so that then the chemicals it contains are transformed, such as phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen and also carbon.
THE QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF THE GALLINAZA IS INFLUENCED BY THE FOLLOWING FACTORS:
AGE OF THE AVE. The amount of excreta is related to the size of the bird, being a small bird, the amount of excreta decreases, contrary to what would happen with older birds, where the amount of excreta will be higher.
PRODUCTION LINE. According to the production line followed, the management is different, particularly in the composition of the food, which is finally reflected in the quality and quantity of the excreta of the birds (nutritional content). It is important to have as reference that approximately for each kilogram of food consumed, the birds produce 1.1 to 1.2 kg of fresh excreta (70 - 80% humidity in poultry litter).
FOOD CONSUMPTION. The amount of excreta depends on the amount of food consumed, taking into account its digestibility.
AMOUNT OF WASTE FOOD. The chemical composition of the feed used in the poultry industry is related to the quality of the chicken manure. By wasting food and being deposited on the surface where the excreta are located, it will enrich the chicken manure (mainly nitrogen), depending on the amount of waste.
QUANTITY OF FEATHERS The feathers in its chemical structure contain keratin, this protein has nitrogen as its main component, so as there is more feathers, chicken manure improves its nutritional quality.
TEMPERATURE. High temperature and humidity generate gases, mainly ammonia, resulting from anaerobic fermentation, thus losing large amounts of nitrogen (low quality chicken).
VENTILATION. The air flow in the manure reduces the loss of N caused by its volatilization in the form of ammonia.
NUTRIMENTAL CONTRIBUTION OF LA GALLINAZA
The chicken manure is an excellent fertilizer if used correctly. It is a material with good nitrogen supply, in addition to phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and some micronutrients.
FOR THE CHALINAZA TO BE AN EFFICIENT ORGANIC FERTILIZER THE FOLLOWING RECOMMENDATIONS SHOULD BE
FOLLOWED:
a). Avoid that the moisture of the material is high, ventilation is a factor to consider if you want to obtain a fertilizer rich in nutrients.
b) The drying of excreta in specific areas where it can be protected from the rain is an important aspect. In addition, a proper accommodation should be considered; The pyramid shape is the most used because it allows a better runoff. If you wish to reduce the drying time, it is recommended to spread them on a surface.
Phosphorus and potassium are also very important within the Gallinaza as organic fertilizer as phosphorus is vital for metabolism and potassium is part of the balance and absorption of water as well as the osmotic function of the cell. It should be noted that the manure of chickens as such can not be considered as chicken manure because to be considered chicken manure it is necessary to process the manure first.
On average, between 600 and 700 grams per square meter of culture are required in order to obtain good results. Thanks to its important content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, chicken manure or manure has been described as one of the most complete fertilizers and has the best nutrients to give to the soil. However, in order for Gallinaza as a fertilizer to have a good use, it must first be well cured.
Manure from hens is one of the components of natural origin that has a higher nutrient content compared to most known fertilizers; Likewise, like absolutely all chicken breeding, it contains powerful sources of carbon that are ultimately responsible for the conversion of humus.
This manure can be used from horticulture to extensive crops, however, one of the limitations for use in extensive cultivation is its cost because you need a large amount for the most profitable items such as soybeans , corn, wheat, cotton, etc.
The Gallinaza as fertilizer is a fertilizer that has a higher concentration compared to cow manure, due to the feed that is given to the chickens and which are based on balanced concentrates, which contain greater nutrients than those they consume the cows, because they combine the feeding with the pastures.
The manure of the cows contains nutrients, but it does not become as concentrated as that of the hens. This does not mean that it does not work because it also fulfills a very important chemical and physical function, providing the soil with moisture retention, a good source of nutrients and acting as a regulator of soil temperature.
It is very important to take into account that the manure of chickens should not be placed in the sun to dry, but should be placed in the shade, so that the microorganisms make the transformation of the different components into raw material. These raw materials can be used by plants in the form of amino acids, fats, low molecular weight, resins, etc.
It is recommended that they use manure manure, but first they must ripen or cure it, do not use the manure beds until they are very dry, as the plant will not take advantage of the fertilization as long as it does not dry. component, since there will be a competition between the transforming microorganisms of chips and husks with plants for that nutrient.
SOURCE:
http://agronomaster.com/gallinaza-como-abono/
https://www.intagri.com/articulos/nutricion-vegetal/gallinaza-como-fertilizante
I hope that my article has served you well.