Hello friends of the farm this opportunity I will talk about major diseases of the chicken as all living things, chickens can also suffer from some diseases at some point in their life. The main diseases of chickens can arise from the birth itself, thus increasing mortality rates in a system of intensive or extensive production, thus causing significant economic losses to the producer.
The Main Diseases of Chickens is summarized in Infectious Bronchitis, Avian Pest (New Castle), Infectious Coryza, Avian Encephalomyelitis, Chronic Respiratory Disease, Gumboro, Avian Influenza, Chicken Diarrhea, Cold, Parasites of the digestive system, Cannibalism or Picaje, Hens that eat their eggs, etc.
CAUSES, SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENTS OF AVIAN DISEASES.
INFECTIOUS BRONCHITIS.
Cause
Disease caused by the coronavirus virus.
symptom
The disease is manifested by respiratory problems, with gasps and noises at the time of breathing, their eyes usually show watery, chickens usually cough and have secretion
Treatment
There is no specific treatment and if the chicken already has the disease, it is difficult to control it.
Prevention
Since they are born they should be vaccinated with the Connecticut or Massachusetts strains to produce immunity in birds.
AVIAN PEST (NEW CASTLE).
This disease is characterized by rapidly killing birds in large proportions.
symptom
It presents acutely, attacks the whole body, birds stop eating and drinking water, resulting in rapid weight loss, sometimes diarrhea and swelling of the legs suffer from paralysis in them.
Treatment
It is recommended to use sulfaquinoxaline or enrofloxacin.
For control, you should quickly remove the remains of dead animals and disinfect the place.
CORIZA INFECCIOSA ..
Cause
Disease caused by the bacterium Haemophilus Gallinarum.
symptom
The main symptom is sneezing, inflamed eyes and nostrils. Swelling in the eyes can cause blindness.
Treatment
The best treatment for this disease is prevention, preventing affected birds from getting together with the sick, antibiotics can be used to improve the conditions but it is not guaranteed that the birds will be cured in their entirety.
AVIAN ENCEPHALOMYELITIS.
Cause
Caused by an "enterovirus", it affects the birds in the first weeks of birth and the adults when they are in the posture stage.
symptom
It occurs in young birds with a faltering walk and sometimes partial or total parislis.
Transmission
They are transmitted mainly by the eggs of infected birds, sometimes they can spread in the feces.
Treatment
There is no treatment for this disease, it is advisable to sacrifice the chickens suffering from this disease.
CHRONIC RESPIRATORY DISEASE.
Cause
Caused mainly by the MYCOPLASMA GALLISEPTICUM.
symptom
The first symptoms to appear are respiratory distress and distemper. In cases where the disease is advanced, the liver and heart are covered with a white exudate.
Transmission.
It is transmitted directly from one bird to another and by dust particles inside the house.
Treatment
If you use antibiotics, the disease can disappear completely. But the best thing would be to get rid of the infected animals.
GUMBORO
Cause
The disease is caused by Birnavirus, a very strong virus that is difficult to eradicate from farms that have been infected.
symptom
The first symptom is the noise when breathing, then the decay appears, bristling feathers, watery diarrhea and prostration.
Transmission
It is transmitted by direct contact between the birds and is very contagious.
Treatment
There is no known treatment to eliminate the disease, the best thing to do is prevent through proper vaccinations.
AVIAN INFLUENZA.
Cause
It belongs to the Orthomyxovridae family, this influenza virus clearly affects birds.
symptom
• Depression.
• Bristling feathers.
•Excessive thirst.
• Fall in egg production.
Adult birds may have swelling on their chins and ridges. The crests usually appear with a purple color.
Transmission
The virus in chickens and chickens is transmitted by waterbirds that migrate from one place to another and is spread by the movement of infected birds.
Treatment.
To prevent and reduce the disease inactivated vaccines in oils can be applied in birds.
DIARRHEA.
Diarrhea is caused by several diseases, usually affects chickens under 2 months. It is characterized because the diarrhea is white and with a blood sample, this disease is contagious and should be treated with antibiotics.
COLD.
It affects both small chickens and adult chickens. When they have cold, the symptoms are distemper, decay, plumage bristles and, sometimes, diarrhea. Like diarrhea, the cold is contagious and should be treated with an antibiotic.
MAREK
It is caused by the DNA of an oncogenic herpes virus and is highly contagious associated with cells. Chickens suffering from this disease usually suffer from paralysis of one leg or even both, similarly in the wings, lose weight, and appear pale.
When chickens suffer from the disease, their neck becomes flaccid and immunosuppressed, organs also atrophy, tumors and histological lesions appear.
PARASITES OF THE DIGESTIVE APPARATUS.
Within the birds can live around 30 varieties of earthworms, these parasites can cause chickens to lose a lot of weight, be weak and sometimes die.
To prevent them from suffering from parasites of the digestive system, you must deworm every 4 months.
CANIBALISM OR PICAJE.
Cannibalism is more than being one of the main diseases of chickens, it is a behavior that begins by pecking from one chicken to another, when they have some nutritional deficiency, when they feel they do not have enough space, when the troughs and feeders are few. , when there are many chickens together or because of excess cold or heat.
To avoid cannibalism it is recommended to avoid the causes mentioned above, in addition to ensuring that the chicken coop is not so illuminated.
HENS THAT EAT THEIR EGGS.
When the eggs are not collected at times, the hens usually eat the eggs, in addition, this can also occur due to lack of minerals and adequate nests. If one hen starts eating the eggs, the others will imitate this behavior. Prevent behavior from spreading by separating the conflicting hen from the others.
TIPS FOR CHICKEN BREEDERS
It is important to avoid as much as possible the infection and the spread of diseases.
When raising chickens you must be aware that each one is different from the other, that although the same type of care is handled for everyone, there will always be a unique treatment for each one.
When given some food such as corn, wheat or other nutrient, it must be taken into consideration that the raw material of these foods have different production management, where the environment or the land where they were cultivated is not known, so always be aware of how the animals react to each type of food that is provided.
It is always important to follow an order at the time of feeding, because if the time or quantities of food are altered, the chicken can alter its condition and the immunity can be altered in the same way.
Take special care with the newborn chicks, they are fragile and easy to contaminate, so they are usually the most likely to suffer from the Main Diseases of Chickens.
Keep clean and clear as much as possible the area where the chickens will be, that only what is on the farm are the chickens, their drinking troughs and feeders. Other external agents can come contaminated and affect the chickens you have on the farms.
It is very important that you do not allow the entry of unknown birds or that have not gone through your previous check.
Source:
https://agronegocios.uniandes.edu.co/2016/04/07/enfermedades-mas-comunes-en-los-pollos/
http://www.agrobit.com/Documentos/I_1_1_avicultu%5C262_mi000003av[1].htm
http://agronomaster.com/principales-enfermedades-de-los-pollos/
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