Interesting analysis.
My view of power is much different than yours though.
To me a powerful thing, person or otherwise, is one that does a lot of work in a short amount of time. Of course, work is the product of a force and the displacement it causes.
This is the same kind of power that hauls your body out of bed, and flings a car down the street. I'm talking about pure wattage. The type of power the sun screams out into space which falls to the earth and makes my fingers bounce around on this keyboard, among other things. By that reckoning, all people are fairly equal. There are variations, but not even an order of magnitude variance I'd say in the amount of work one could do in a given time. Whether they actually do or not is a different story.
Any other 'power' is a pale illusion by comparison. Social influence, prestige, and respect are as tenuous and ephemeral as love, unicorns. Mickey Mouse, or one's identity. Which is to say they do not exist, or at least not as the moon or the biosphere exist.
It's just a silly game we play with each-other, not something that is concretely manifest in the universe, no matter how immersed we get in the role play.
RE: What makes a person powerful?