Schoenhofen and colleagues (2006) did a case series in which they sought to report phenotypic characteristics of 32 super-centenarians - people who are 110 years old or older.
These subjects were between 110 and 119 years old and 41% of them required little assistance (care) or were independent.
Looking over the medical history of these participants, it's important to mention the following conditions - number represents no. of subjects having the condition historically:
- Myocardial Infarction - 2 subjects (remember, the total number is 32 subjects)
- Stroke - 4
- Treated Hypertension - 7
- Type 2 Diabetes - 1
- Hypothyroidism - 5
- Osteoporosis - 14
- Cataract - 28
- Parkinson's Disease - 1
- Cancer - 8 (all cured)
So, it appears that osteoporosis and cataract were common conditions in these subjects (44% and 88%), while they had little to no heart disease and only a fifth of them were taking hypertension medication. Diabetes and Parkinson's were almost inexistent.
As per the researchers:
"Data collected thus far suggest that supercentenarians markedly delay and even escape clinical expression of vascular disease toward the end of their exceptionally long lives. " [source]
Since we are on the weekend, I'd suggest reading the entire scientific report of Schoenhofen et al. (2006) because it's a very light, relatively non-technical read:
Traits of Supercentenarians - What They have in Common [Research]
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Cristi Vlad Self-Experimenter and Author