When you here dimensions what is the first thing that comes to your mind?, I bet math or measurements or x and y, you are not far from the real deal.
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A dimension is a measure of spatial extent in a particular direction examples are length breadth and height.
As you may or may not know humans see things in 3D everything you know that is made up of matter is 3D.
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Now let's go back to nothing a point in a point in a point that converges into inexistent, Now try to keep up connecting 2 points makes a line which is 1D (length) let's call it ( x ), 4 lines makes a square which is 2D (length and breadth) with coordinates ( x , y ), 6 squares makes a cube which is 3D (length ,breadth and height) with coordinates ( x , y , z), 8 cubes makes a shape I will call this shape "Junker" coz it rhymes with my name, junker is 4D (length ,breadth ,height and time) with coordinates (x , y , z , t) , Now I know it almost impossible for you to phantom a shape in which it's surfaces are made of cubes that is because we only understand to a limit of 3D, I will explain what 4D is like in the third paragraph for now let's continue the trend, Now 10 junker makes a 5D shape what should I call it... Uhmm "Buhari", Buhari has (length ,breadth ,height ,time and space) with coordinates ( x , y , z , t , s) let's stop here before our brains explode.
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Example of a 1D element is a Photon, for 2D imagine the world of a bacterium on the surface of water its doesn't have enough weight to penetrate the outer skin of water so for it there is nothing like height it can only move x and y, let me use another example to help you grasp the concept or could I say reality of 2D, Plato's allegory of the cave clearly explains the 2D reality if a few prisoners were tied from head to feet to different posts in a straight line facing a wall so long that all they remember is that wall and behind them is the normal world were people engage themselves and behind these "normal" people is a big fire casting shadows of the activities of the normal world on the wall ,Plato as do I say their world and experiences will only be the shadows they see everyday therefore they will perceive their "normal" world as 2D.
As I stated earlier examples of 3D is everything you know, Your body, a book,molecules of water etc. 4D on the other hand is something you don't see everyday example is our minds, just like the shadows of people(matter) on the wall we only see the reflection of time.
Time itself like any other dimension is a measure of spatial extent just like length or breadth it is a line usually called timeline. We who live under its shadows can only watch it pass by but a being with experiences and structure of 4D will see it as a stable circle flowing through itself ie if you could experience 4D then events in 4000BC, 1AD ,Now ,2090 and 4040 will all be happening at the same instance, the fact that you are in 2018 now doesn't mean 2000BC or 4018 isn't happening the are both going on the same space at different time and that is why time travel is possible. What does that tell you?, clearly it means structures of 4D won't consist of matter and E= mc^2 doesn't cover energy.
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I don't have an example of a 5D element, the Christian God will do since He is considered as omnipotent (he is at all times) and omnipresent (he is at all spaces) he is a perfect example whether he exist or not , Going outside 5D is like going outside the universe coz as we know the universe expands in space so looking space from the outside will be playing God but who knows our universe could just be an insignificant burst of point energy in a bugger universe just like the rapid chaos found within the spaces in between quarks which to us is the only true example of a vacuum.
Feel free to ask questions
