From gene to protein: (in my simple words)
Dr. Archibold Garrod finds some connection between gene defects and enzyme defects after a search about alkaptonuria disease which related to some hereditary defects that patient's urine after touch the air become black!!
And it was the beginning of the of the important facts in biology.
The other things that maybe come to your mind are how the genes control and start the process of making protein. well lets talk about it : at first the scientists were searching for something that can make connection between DNA and protein, at last, they found it after they had seen in cells that protein production is much more than others there is more RNA and RNA Both at the core and in the cytoplasm so as the gene have to produce more RNA for more protein
Lets see the process of DNA transcription:
At the first step one enzyme, RNA polymerase, connect to one part of the DNA for start the transcription and then Separate the strings of DNA and make one string of RNA according to the cods of one string of DNA
we have 3 types of RNA in our cells: tRNA, mRNA and rRNA each of these use in the different steps of protein production
After DNA transcription it has to translate these codes which had written and transcripted from DNA. if its interesting for you tell me in your comments for another blog about the translation of this RNA string
