Source
Greenhouse reaction is a process by which the diffused heat from the Earth's surface is absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases and then radiated inside the atmosphere. This diffused heat reaches the atmosphere at the lower level and increases the average temperature of the surface of the atmosphere. Originally, solar radiation crosses through the atmosphere of visible light in the atmosphere and heats the surface of the Earth and later this surface emits in the form of infrared rays in the lower wavelength. These inferior rays are absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases and reabsorbed at the lower surface of the earth and at the lower levels of the atmosphere.
This process is named following the method of producing plants by making glass-made greenhouses in winter main countries. Solar radiation in a greenhouse keeps the greenhouse warm by passing through the glass, the basic difference here is that the greenhouse can reduce the flow of the air, and the hot air retains the circulation in the structure of the glass.
Without this greenhouse gas, the Earth's average surface temperature would be -18 degrees Celsius, where the current average temperature is 15 degree Celsius. So, how important is this greenhouse gases? However, the amount of greenhouse gases can be seen from the normal range and the global warming and climate change. In our atmosphere, the amount of gas based on dry air is 78.08% nitrogen (N₂), 20.95% oxygen (O₂), 0.93% argon (Ar), 0.04% carbon dioxide (CO₂) and a little more Gas And the main 4 gases in the world that are used as greenhouse gases are: Hyaluronic Vapor (H₂O), Carbon Dioxide (CO₂), Methane (CH₄) and Ozone (O₃). The cloud is the main haggard element to absorb the greenhouse effect, which absorbs and releases infrared rays.
Now the question is, if the gas like N₂ and O₂ in the atmosphere is so large, but why is CO₂ and CH₄ used to work as greenhouse gases? N₂, O₂ Why not? Why Greenhouse gases work as greenhouse gases and how? These writings look for these answers. In the definition of greenhouse reaction we initially learned that greenhouse gases absorb solar radiation. To know how they do this, the gases will go to the molecular level.
We know that when the electrons descend from high energy orbit to the lower energy orbit, it disseminates the isolated colored light line, which is called a nuclear spectrum line. On the contrary, if the same wave length of atoms is absorbed by the atom, the electron reaches the lower energy orbit to the higher energy calibrate. The same type of absorption occurs in molecules, but in that case, electrons exchange space between molecular orbitals instead of atomic orbitals. But absorbed in greenhouse reaction is not enough for the transfer of electrons from the low orbital to high altitude to the greenhouse gases of the greenhouse gas molecule. However, due to this exploitation, a kind of 'tension vibration' is formed inside the greenhouse gas molecule.