The history and background of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict can be withdrawn since 2000 BC. But in contemporary history, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict began in 1967 when Israel attacked Egypt, Jordan and Syria and captured the Sinai and Gaza Strip (Egypt), the Golan Heights (Syria), the West Bank and Jerusalem (Jordan).
Until now peace seems far from expectations. Plus there is disagreement about the future of Palestine and its relationship with Israel among the factions in Palestine itself. This paper is intended as a reminder as well as an effort to open our understanding of the historical background of the cause of this conflict.
Before starting any posts ever posted on omkicau.com, Si Momot first shows a moment a few years ago as seen in the photos below. These are the photographs posted on Om Dion's friend's blog (unfortunately his blog is no longer active), which is linked to the omkicau.com blog which then writes down historical revelations as written in several sources.
On the page, Dion says:
"These photos are photos I will never forget for a lifetime. The photo taken by journalist Getty Images is a photograph of a child left behind by his mother. And this mother's death must end in the arms of her own son. One thing I think shows the cruel and humanist side of the war.
Nothing is the most heartbreaking and sad when seeing our loved ones die in our arms. God, stop this war for the sons and mothers of the world. "
With the title of "Affecting Mom" these are the photos:
War is Cruel!
A glimpse of the Palestinian conflict. The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is 31 years old when in 1967 Israel attacked Egypt, Jordan and Syria and captured the Sinai and Gaza Strip (Egypt), the Golan Heights (Syria), the West Bank and Jerusalem (Jordan). Until now peace seems far from expectations. Plus there is disagreement about the future of Palestine and its relationship with Israel among the factions in Palestine itself. This paper is intended as a reminder as well as an effort to open our understanding of the historical background of the cause of this conflict.
2000 BC - 1500 BC
Siti Hajar, who was the first wife of Prophet Ibrahim, had a son named Prophet Ismail dubbed the father of the Arab nation. Meanwhile, the second wife of Prophet Ibrahim, Siti Sarah, had a son named Prophet Isaac, who later had the son of the Prophet Ya'qub alias Israel (Israel, Qur'an).
The descendant of Ya'qub is called the Children of Israel consisting of seven people, one of whom was called the Prophet Yusuf, who when he was little was thrown away by his spiteful brothers. His good fortune brought Joseph to the land of Egypt and then became the treasurer of the Egyptian kingdom. During the famine, the Prophet Ya'qub and his brothers migrated to Egypt. The population of the descendants of Israel (Prophet Ya'qub) enlarged.
1550 BC - 1200 BC
Politics in Egypt changed. The Israelites are considered a problem for the Egyptian state. Many of the Israelites are smarter than native Egyptians and control the economy. By the Pharaoh's government the Israelites were downgraded to slave status.
1200 BC - 1100 BC
The prophet Moses led the Israelites out of Egypt, wading the Sinai desert to the promised land, provided they were obedient to Allah SWT.
The next event is known as the famous story of Egyptian government hunting of the Moses group. At that time the Prophet Moses was able to split the ocean to cross the Red Sea and invited his people, the Israelites, to cross the sea. But when they were ordered to enter the land of the Philistines (Palestine), they stubbornly and said:
"O Moses, we shall never enter it for ever, while there is a mighty man in it; therefore go thou with thy Lord, and fight thou both of us, we sit here only." (Surah 5:24)
As a result of this, Israel was punished by Allah SWT by just spinning around Palestine. Later religion that brought the Prophet Moses called Jews; following one of the clan of Israel's most numerous descendants, Judah. Eventually the Israelites, regardless of their citizens or homeland, were also called Jews.
1000 BC - 922 BC
Prophet David A. (son of Prophet Moses A.) defeated Goliath (Jalut, Qur'an) from the Philistines. Palestine was captured and David was made king. The territory of his kingdom extends from the banks of the Nile to the Euphrates in Iraq. (There are still some Jews still dreaming of the return of Great Great Greatness of Israel as led by King David, where the movement is known as Zionism).
The flag of Israel is the two blue lines (the Nile and Euphrates) and the Star of David. David A. A. Leadership passed on by his son Prophet Sulayman A. and the Aqsa Mosque was built.
922 BC - 800 BC
After the death of Sulaiman A., Israel was engulfed by a protracted civil war, until finally the kingdom split in two, namely the northern part of Israel with the capital of Samaria and South called Judah with the capital of Jerusalem.
800 BC - 600 BC
The Kingdom of Israel suffered destruction through the assault of the Assyrian empire.
"Verily We have taken back the covenant of the Children of Israel, and We have sent them apostles. But every coming of an apostle to them by bringing what their desires desires, then some of the apostles they deny or they kill. "(Surah 5:70)
It can also be read in the Gospel (Bible) of 1st Kings 14:15 and 2:17.
600 BC - 500 BC
The kingdom of Judah was destroyed through the hands of Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon. In the Gospel of 2:22 Kings 23:27 it is stated that they have no right over Jerusalem. They were expelled from Jerusalem and imprisoned in Babylon.
500 BC - 400 BC
Persian Cyrus overthrew Babylonia and allowed the Israelites to return to Jerusalem.
330 BC - 322 BC
Israel occupied Alexander the Great from Macedonia (Greece). He does the hellenization of the conquered nations. Greek became the official language of Israel, so that later the Gospels were written in Greek and not in Hebrew.
300 BC - 190 BC
Greece was defeated by the Romans. So Palestine was controlled by the Roman empire.
1 - 100 M
Prophet Isa A.s. / Jesus was born, then became the leader of the movement against the Roman rulers. As we can guess, this movement then reaps the problem. Besides being considered subversive by the Roman rulers (with the highest penalty of execution on the cross), Jesus' own teachings were rejected by the Jewish Rabbis. But after Isa's death, the Jews took up arms against the Romans.
100 - 300 M
Rebellious rebellion. As a result, Palestine was destroyed and made into a Jewish free space. They were deported out of Palestine and terdiaspora to all corners of the Roman empire. Nevertheless, there remain a small number of Jews who remain in Palestine. With the entry of Islam then, as well as the use of Arabic in their daily lives, they gradually terarabisasi or even convert to Islam.
313 AD
The center of the Roman Empire was moved to Constantinople and Christianity became the state religion.
500 - 600 M
Prophet Muhammad SAW was born in 571 AD The Jews spread to the Arabian Peninsula (among them in Khaibar and around Medina), then migrated in large numbers to the area during the war between the Romans and the Persians.
621 AD
Prophet Muhammad SAW made the journey of Isra 'rm of the Grand Mosque in Makkah to the Aqsa Mosque in Palestine, followed by Mi'raj's journey to Sidrathul Muntaha (7th). The Messenger of Allah decreed Jerusalem as the 3rd holy city of Islam, where the prayer at the Aqsa Mosque is rated 500 times compared to prayers in other mosques besides the Haram mosque in Makkah and the Nabawi mosque in Madinah. Aqsa Mosque also became a mecca of Muslims before changing direction to the Ka'bah in the Grand Mosque of Makkah.
622 AD
Hijrah Prophet Muhammad Saw to Medina and the establishment of an Islamic state - hereinafter called khilafah. The Prophet entered into a covenant with the Jewish people who were inhabitants of Medina and beyond, known as the "Medina Charter".
626 AD
Jewish betrayal in Ahzab war (trench war) which means violating the Medina Covenant. In accordance with the rules in their own Torah, they must receive the punishment of being killed or expelled.
638 AD
Under the reign of Caliph Umar Ibn Khattab, all the Palestinians were liberated from the Roman invaders. Furthermore, all Palestinians, Muslims and non Muslims live safely under khilafah. Religious freedom is fully guaranteed.
700 - 1000 M
The Islamic region extends from Central Asia, Africa, to Spain. In it, the Jews had equal economic and intellectual opportunities.
1076 AD
Jerusalem was surrounded by crusaders from Europe. Because of the treachery of the hypocrites (the Drusiah sect who claimed Islam but had a deviant doctrine), in 1099 the Crusaders succeeded in occupying Jerusalem and appointing a Christian king. This occupation lasted until 1187 AD until then Salahuddin Al-Ayyubi freed him.
1453 AD
After going through the process of reunification and revitalization of scattered Khilafah territories due to the destruction of Baghdad by the Mongol army (1258 AD), Uthmanic caliphate under Muhammad Fatih conquered Constatinople.
1492 AD
Andalusia completely fell into the hands of Christian Spain (reconquista). Because anxious someday Muslims can rise again, there is murder, expulsion, and mass Christianization. This is not only directed at Muslims but also to Jews. They fled to the Ottoman empire, among them to Bosnia. In 1992 King Juan Carlos of Spain formally apologized to the Israeli government for the holocaust 500 years earlier.
1500 - 1700 M
The awakening of thought in Europe, the emergence of secularism (separation of religion / church with state), nationalism, and capitalism. The onset of modern technological advances in Europe. The century of oceanic exploration begins. They are looking for alternative trade routes to India and China, without going through Islamic regions. But eventually they are driven by the spirit of colonialism and imperialism, namely Gold, Glory and Gospel. Gold means seeking wealth in colonies, Glory means seeking fame over other nations and the Gospel means spreading Christianity to the rest of the world.
1529 AD
Khilafah's army tried to stop the flow of colonialism / imperialism and reconquista reciprocated directly to the heart of Europe by besieging Vienna, but failed. In 1683 AD the siege was repeated, and failed again. This failure is mainly due to the fact that the Islamic army is too confident in its numbers and equipment.
"... when ye are proud of your multitudes, then the great multitude shall not profit you aught, and the vast earth shall be cramped by you, and ye run back and scatter" (Surah 9:25).
1798 AD
Napoleon argued that the Jews could be used for French purposes in the Middle East. The area is officially still under the Khilafah.
1831 AD
In support of the "devide et impera" strategy, France supports the Arab nationalist movement, namely Muhammad Ali in Egypt and Pasya Basyir in Lebanon. Khilafah began to be weak undermined by the spirit of nationalism that spread so quickly in Arab land.
1835 AD
A group of Jews bought land in Palestine, and then established the first Jewish school there. His sponsor is a British Jewish billionaire, Sir Moshe Monteveury, a member of Free Masonry. This is the first time a foreign-educated school in the Khilafah region.
1838 AD
Britain opened a consulate in Jerusalem which is the first European representative in Palestine.
1849 AD
The campaign encourages immigration of Jews to Palestine. At that time the number of Jews in Palestine was only about 12,000 people. In 1948 the number became 716,700 and in 1964 was nearly 3 million people.
1882 AD
The massive immigration of Jews to Palestine who veiled religion, sympathy, and humanity for the Jewish suffering in Europe at the time.
1891 AD
The Palestinian population sent a petition to the Caliph, demanding a large-scale immigration of the Jewish race to Palestine. Unfortunately at that time the khilafah was "sickly", so dubbed "the sick man at the Bosporus". Decadence of thought extends, although Sultan Abdul Hamid had made a breakthrough by modernizing infrastructure, including installing a railroad from Damascus to Madinah via Palestine!
Unfortunately, before completion, Sultan Abdul Hamid was dismissed by Shaykh Islam (Supreme Court Justice) who had been influenced by the British. World War I erupted, and the train line was destroyed.
1897 AD
Theodore Herzl held a worldwide Zionist congress in Basel Switzerland. Participants of the First Zionist Congress passed a resolution, that the Jews are not just religious people, but a nation with a determination to live in a nation and a state.
In that resolution, the Zionists demanded a homeland for the Jews - albeit secretly - on "land that is historic to them". Earlier the British had almost promised Uganda protectorate land or in Latin America.
At the congress, Herzl said, Zionism is the answer to "discrimination and oppression" of Jews that have lasted hundreds of years. This movement recalled that the fate of the Jews could only be solved in the hands of the Jews themselves. In front of the congress, Herzl said, "In 50 years there will be a Jewish state!" What Herzl had planned came true in 1948.
1916 AD
The Sykes-Picot secret agreement by allies (England, France, Russia) was made during the outbreak of World War (PD) I, to grip the Arabian and Ottoman Caliphate territories and to divide among them. World War I ended with an allied victory, Britain gained control over Palestine. In World War I, German Jews conspired with the Allies for their own purposes (having greater influence or power).
1917 AD
Jewish British Foreign Minister, Arthur James Balfour, in the Balfour declaration told British Lord Zionist leader Lord Rothschild that Britain would strengthen Jewish settlements in Palestine in aiding the formation of the Jewish homeland. Five years later the League of Nations (the forerunner of the United Nations) mandated the British to control Palestine.
1938 AD
Nazi Germany considers that German Jewish treachery is the culprit of their defeat at World War I which has destroyed the German economy. Then they need a "final settlement" (endivsung).
Hundreds of thousands of Jewish descent were sent to concentration camps or fled abroad (mainly to the US). Actually there are other ethnic and different political intellectuals with the same Nazis, but after World War II the Jews are more successful in selling their stories because they control many newspapers or news agencies in the world.
1944 AD
The ruling British labor party openly exposed the politics of "letting the Jews continue to enter Palestine, if they want to be in the majority. Their entry will encourage the abandonment of the Arab natives from there. "Palestinian conditions are heating up.
1947 AD
The UN recommends the split of Palestine into two states: Arab and Israeli.
1948, May 14th
A day before the end of British guardianship in Palestine, the Jewish settlers proclaimed the independence of the state of Israel. They carried out armed aggression against the weak Palestinian people, until millions of them were forced to flee to Lebanon, Jordan, Syria, Egypt, and others. Palestine Refugees became a world theme. But they reject the existence of Palestine and consider them to have advanced the previously empty and backward areas.
A war broke out between Israel and its neighboring Arab states. But because the Arab leaders actually existed under British influence - see French and British Imperialism in the Arab lands since 1798 - it is easy for Israel to seize the Arab Palestinian territory that the UN has established.
1948, December 2nd
The violent Arab League protests over the actions of the US and its allies are the encouragement and facilities they provide for Zionist immigration to Palestine. At that time, the Muslim Brotherhood (IM) under Hasan Al-Banna sent 10,000 mujahideen to jihad against Israel. This business ran aground not because they were defeated by Israel, but because the corrupt King Farouk of Egypt was afraid that inside the country could do a coup d'etat, consequently IM figures imprisoned or executed.
1956, October 29th
Israel assisted the British and the French attacked the Sinai to control the Suez Canal. During this time, the military in Jordan offered baiat to Hizbut Tahrir (one of the Islamic movements) to re-establish the Khilafah. But Hizb ut-Tahrir refused, seeing the people are not ready yet.
1964 AD
Arab leaders formed the PLO (Palestine Liberation Organization). With this formally, the fate of Palestine is surrendered to the shoulders of the Arab-Palestinian peoples themselves, and no longer the affairs of Muslims worldwide.
1967 AD
Israel attacked Egypt, Jordan and Syria for 6 days under the pretext of prevention, Israel captured the Sinai and Gaza Strip (Egypt), the Golan Heights (Syria), the West Bank and Jerusalem (Jordan). Israel easily destroyed its enemy air force as aided by information from the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency of the USA). Egypt's air force, meanwhile, hesitated to retaliate against Israeli attacks, as Egypt's Defense Minister took flight and ordered not to fire as long as he was in the air.
1967, November
The UN Security Council passed Resolution No. 242, to the Israeli withdrawal order from territory it seized in a 6-day war, recognition of all countries in the region, and a just settlement of the issue of Palestinian refugees.
1969 AD
Yasser Arafat of the Al-Fatah faction was elected as chairman of the PLO's Executive Committee with headquarters in Jordan.
1970 AD
Various aircraft hijackings as a publication of the Palestinian cause make PLO criticized by world opinion, and Jordan is also ostracized. Because the Jordanian economy is heavily dependent on the United States, eventually King Husein expelled the PLO headquarters from Jordan. And finally the PLO moved to Lebanon.
1973, October 6th
Egypt and Syria attacked Israeli forces in the Sinai and Golan Heights on the day of the Yom Kippur Jewish fast. This battle is known as the October War. Egypt and Syria are close to winning, if Israel is not abruptly aided by the United States. Egyptian President Anwar Sadat was compelled to compromise, because he was only ready to fight Israel, but was not ready to confront the United States. Arab avenge the defeat by closing the oil tap. As a result oil prices soared rapidly.
1973, October 22nd
The UN Security Council passed resolution No. 338, to a cease-fire, implementation of resolution 242 and peace talks in the Middle East.
1977 AD
Economic considerations (war has wasted the state treasury) led Anwar Sadat to go to Israel without consultation with the Arab League. He offers peace, if Israel returns the whole Sinai. Arab countries feel betrayed. Because of this political move, Anwar Sadat was later assassinated in 1982.
1978, September
Egypt and Israel signed a US-led Camp David agreement. The treaty promises limited autonomy to the Palestinian people in the occupied territories of Israel. Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin were awarded the 1979 Nobel Peace Prize. But Israel continues to reject negotiations with the PLO and the PLO rejects autonomy. Later, this version of Camp David's autonomy has never been manifested, nor any other version of autonomy. And the US as its pemrakarsanya also do not feel obliged to give sanctions, even always veto UN resolutions that do not benefit the Israelis.
1980 AD
Israel unilaterally declared that from the summer of 1980 the city of Jerusalem it occupied was officially the capital.
1982 M
Israel attacked Lebanon and massacred hundreds of Palestinian refugees in Sabra and Shatila. Violations of these international borders were not brought to the UN forum because - again - the veto from the US. Later Israel also conveniently conducted a series of bombings on military and civil installations in Iraq, Libya, and Tunis.
1987 M
Intifada, the resistance by the stone by Palestinians living in the occupied territories against the Israeli army began to explode. The Intifada was initiated by Hamas, a harakah of Islam that started its activities with education and social.
1988, November 15th
Announced the establishment of a Palestinian state in Algiers, the capital of Algeria. With the state of Parliamentary Republic. It was determined that East Jerusalem as the capital of the country with its first President was Yasser Arafat.
After Yasser Arafat's death the presidential seat was occupied by Mahmud Abbas. The Palestinian National Council, which is identical to the 500-member Palestinian Parliament.
1988, December
The United States justified the opening of dialogue with the PLO after Arafat indirectly acknowledged Israel's existence by demanding the realization of UN resolution No. 242 at the time of proclaiming the Palestinian Republic in exile in Tunis.
1991, March
Yasser Arafat married Suha, a Christian woman. Earlier Arafat always said "married to the Palestinian revolution".
1993, September
The PLO - Israel recognizes each other's existence and Israel pledges to grant autonomy rights to the PLO in the occupied territories. The motto of Israel is "land for peace" (land for peace). The admission was strongly criticized by the Israeli ultra-rightists and the disaffected Palestinian groups. But Arab countries (Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Emirates and Jordan) welcomed the agreement. Egyptian and Saudi Mufti issued "fatwas" to support peace.
Once power in the occupied territories has been transferred to the PLO, then in accordance with the agreement with Israel, the PLO must overcome all anti-Israel actions. With this the PLO is actually an extension of Jewish hands.
Yasser Arafat, Yitzak Rabin, and Shimon Peres were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for the effort.
1995 M
Rabin was killed by Yigar Amir, a fanatical Jew. Previously, in Hebron, a fanatical Jew slaughtered dozens of Muslims who were praying at dawn. Almost every adult in Israel, male or female, has received training and conscription. The Palestinian movement demanding total independence terrorized into Israeli society with a "suicide" bomb. The target, thwart the unfair peace efforts. Actually "land for peace" defined Israel as "Israel can land, and Arab Palestine is not disturbed (can live peacefully)."
1996 M
Elections in Israel were won thinly by Netanyahu from the right, which means an anti-peace Jewish victory. Netanyahu stalled the timing of the peace agreement. He rejected the existence of a Palestinian state, so that the Palestinians remain just an autonomous region within Israel. He even wanted to wait for / create a new contingent (Jewish settlements in the occupied territories, if necessary extending to Syria and Jordan) to make a new deal altogether.
The United States is not happy that Israel is on its own off the line. But because the Jewish lobby in the US is too strong, Bill Clinton must use his agents in Arab countries to "remind" the "golden boy" of this. So the attitude of the Arab countries suddenly returned to hostile to Israel. The Egyptian Mufti is even now declaring jihad against Israel. Meanwhile, the European Union (mainly Britain and France) also tried to "actively" mediate, which is also for their own interests in order to instill influence in the region. They are also not willing that the US "walk alone" without talking to Europe.
2002 - 2008 M
A current peace proposal is a Map to peace proposed by the Four EU, Russia, United Nations and the United States on September 17, 2002. Israel has also received the map but with 14 "reservations". At this time Israel is implementing a controversial secession plan proposed by Prime Minister Ariel Sharon.
According to a plan submitted to the United States, Israel declared that it would remove all "permanent civilian and military presence" in the Gaza Strip (ie 21 Jewish settlements there, and 4 grounding in the West Bank), but would "oversee and guard the pockets external on the ground, will retain exclusive control over Gaza airspace, and will continue to carry out military activities in the sea territory of the Gaza Strip. "
The Israeli government argues that "as a result, there will be no basis for claiming that the Gaza Strip is an occupied territory," while others argue that, when the secession takes place, the only consequence is that Israel "will be allowed to finish the wall - Israeli West Bank - and defend the situation in the West Bank as it is today "
On the day of the Kadima Party victory in the March 28, 2006 elections in Israel, Ehud Olmert - later appointed Prime Minister of Israel to replace Ariel Sharon who is unable to remain due to illness - speech. In his party's victory speech, Olmert promised to make Israel a just, powerful, peaceful and prosperous country, respecting the rights of minorities, concerned about education, culture and science and especially striving to achieve a lasting and sure peace with the Palestinians.
Olmert stated that as Israel is willing to compromise on peace, he expects Palestinians to be flexible with their positions. He stated that if the Palestinian Authority, which is now headed by Hamas, refuses to recognize the State of Israel, then Israel "will determine its fate in its own hands" and directly implies unilateral action.
The future of the coalition government is largely dependent on the goodwill of other parties to cooperate with the newly elected prime minister.
Meanwhile, before the Israeli outbreak of attacks into Gaza (27/12/2008), there have been minor attacks between the two sides around the Gaza Strip, because Israel closed the crossings or commercial routes into Gaza so that the supply of materials stopping oil, forcing the only power station in the Gaza Strip to close.
As a final note, the Israeli Prime Minister after Benjamin Netanyahu is conspicuous is Ehud Barak, Ariel Sharon, and who is still in power in Israel in the attack in Gaza now is Ehud Olmert. While the four main factions in Palestine are the PLO, Al-Fatah, Palestinian Islamic Jihad (JIP), and the current ruling in Palestine is Hamas with Prime Minister Ismail Haniya.