[Plot of a two-dimensional slice of the gravitational potential in and around a uniform spherical body. The inflection points of the cross-section are at the surface of the body.](By AllenMcC. - Own workThis image was created with Mathematica., CC BY-SA 3.0, Link)
I have already talked about the electrical potential, namely the difference in potentials. This difference we call tension, or by analogy pressure. In this post I would like to dwell on the result of which and how the electric potential arises. Here we have in our hands an ordinary balloon, but it is worth rubbing it through the hair, and it becomes electrically active, "acquires" (the word acquires meaning, does not receive, but becomes) electric potential.
For example, let's take a polyethylene film. If we connect two pieces of film and then disconnect it, the film, as the physicist asserts, will be electrically charged. According to theory, free electrons jump from one piece to another. As a result, one piece of polyethylene will receive a positive charge, and the second negative. And these charges will be the same. The electric charge in this case is the electric potential. One film, conditionally, acquired the potential 1, and the second -1. If we connect them, there will be a short circuit, the potential will be equalized, there will be a discharge - the flow of electric current.
[The electric potential created by a charge Q is V=Q/(4πεor). Different values of Q will make different values of electric potential V (shown in the image).](By Lookang - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, Link)
Now I will offer my vision of this issue. By analogy with water, in order to create potential, water must be raised. And this is possible only in the conditions of the earth, so on all bodies earthly attraction acts. Raising water, we create additional potential. After removing the obstacle, the water is sent to its original position. If there is no terrestrial attraction, then, for example, in such weightlessness, it is not possible to do this. What happens to electric charges, if they exist of course. In my opinion, electricity is a property of bodies, and not the presence of moving electrons. It is very difficult to imagine that ordinary bodies, from contact, began to lose electrons. And in the ordinary state - these bodies are not electrically active, but it is worth placing them in a magnetic field, how is the charge or potential formed? What happens to these electrons? I do not know…
Assuming that electricity is a property, and nothing moves within bodies, it is possible that the state of atoms changes simply as a result of external influence or change. All substances are different, therefore, and their different structure. And when we three balls on the hair, we get a touch, very close, two different bodies with different, and possibly opposite, properties. As a result, both the body, the ball and the hair become electrically active, as they say they get an electric charge, or acquire the potential. First, by combining two different bodies, we created the conditions for changing their properties, perhaps the zone of their interaction overlap and become common for two bodies. After disconnecting these bodies, we seem to be breaking the common zone, resulting in "two halves of one whole" - negative and positive charge. Which are now attracted, that is, they are trying to recreate the original picture before they are disassembled. Very similar to the cocked spring, or to the rising of water, which as a result of attraction tends downward.
While on this I will stop, so that I can comprehend this idea, and next time I will continue ...
