Leaving your planet to live some where else sounds fascinating and difficult. To make a unlivable planet livable is stone hard challenge for the scientists ! But they have found a way to do that and will be making us leave for mars in 2022.
Mars is known to be a red planet full of sand and dust. There is no oxygen for survival, no water and no ozone or other layers to protect us. Mars shows a sign that there were living being living there millions of years ago. Which later died due to many uncertain conditions. Here is the picture proving there were Martians animals living in the past.
The path of the river is a strong sign that there were water animals living there. Many of the martian surface have such sign. If the evolutionary pattern is universal then there is sure to be life on Mars.
But life millions of years ago is not our deal, we need it now or in future !
So, lets discuss what is required to live on a planet.
- Oxygen
- Water
- Good Temperature
- Protection from radiation
What does Mars have from all of this ?
Nothing
Yes mars don't fulfill any of this criteria.
How are we going to solve this then?
Let us first discuss about temperature:
Increasing the temperature of a whole planet seems to be a very deal. But remember what are we doing with our planet for years. We have been increasing the planets temperature. Only in 100 years we have increased the average temperature of thee earth by 3 degree Celsius. But this growth is certainly not enough for Mars as it has very low temperature it needs a lot of power plants which produces carbon-dioxide gas to increase the temperature rapidly is required.
The temperature solution solves water solution because there is water in Mars but in frozen state. Increase in temperature makes the water to flow again in the rivers solving water problem.
When there is sufficient water and sufficient temperature then we can plant tress to make oxygen for us. Trees will grow fast in presence of Carbon-Dioxide but a little bit of oxygen needs to be supplied from earth in the dome where the plants will grow.
We can make ozone layer from the oxygen generated from the trees using ozonolyser. That must be a comparatively slow process.
So scientists are planning to take first human to Mars in 2022 if everything goes well. They are already planning to be there and living in a desert. (trying to match Mars condition)
Elon Musk is planning to take one million people to mars and have already made reusable rocket for this.