In ancient India, the world's oldest mineral 'Zarcon' was discovered by two Bengali geologists, mastermind of the University of Cartoon University in Malaysia, Rajat Majumder and his student CSRI researcher Trisrota Chowdhury. The research has started on 4th May in the article in Nature, after the publication of the word has started in the world. What is hidden in the granite volcanic eruption in Champa, Odisha, the hidden mystery of the creation of the earth? What is the nature of this mine from Gangaon lava flowing? By the hands of Bengali scientists will open the secret of mystery? Rajat Majumdar, who told Farhat Malaysia his interview in an interview given to Anandabazar Digital by e-mail.
The search for the oldest mineral 'Zarcon' in the world is stirring very much around. You are one of the pioneers in this quest, what is your opinion?
I'm not the first to research this topic. IIT, CSIR Hyderabad, IISER (Ambedabad) and Bangalore IISc have many geologists and geographers who are doing research on geology. My main goal was to penetrate the mysteries of the world's inmost mysteries. Geology research will reveal the earth's geological characteristics and the structure of tectonic plates in the primitive phase of creation. And it is known to everyone that if we get to know the geological structure of the earth, then the rock structure will be very well understood. Because of the mysteries of the inner parts of the earth, which are stored in rock, From this I started my research to find ancient rock.
It is said that the name of the mineral found is 'Zarcon'. The age of this mineral is 424 billion years The question is, what is the characteristics of Zarcon? How is this mineral used in the study?
Zarcon is a gemstone. Various colors and shapes are available in Zarcon. Its chemical name is Zarconium Silicate (ZrSio4). For many years, many gems have been undergoing experiments.
Zarcon has been found in the volcano. When the molten vegetation of the ground or magma rises upwards and creates volcanic dust, many minerals are tightly packed, one of which is Zarcon. Without it zircon pressure and heat resistant. Although the erosion of volcanic eruptions is contained in the zarcon, the research work on this mine is much easier.
How to find out? How did you find this rock in Odisha?
Since the time of college, interest in rock was created. I used to study regularly in different science books. While studying in Durgapur Government College, I used to roam in places like Bihar, Singhbhum, Jharkhand and Odisha for rocks. In 2006, while teaching at the Indian Statistical Institute, he started research work on rock. In 2009, I started the work of collecting old stones and minerals in collaboration with UNESCO. My student CSIR researcher Trisrota Chowdhury helped me in this work. In 2010, I and the Trishra together started exploring the places in Odisha. After this, we find this zeracana in the granite volcano in Champa, Odisha.
Ordishar Champua. (From left) Trisrota Chowdhury and Rajat Majumder.
How can rocks be made from Zarcon? Just Jarkan why, why not other minerals?
As already mentioned, this zeracone was found inside the volcanic granite. When molten lava is transformed into a volcanic form, it also condenses uranium, potassium, and other radioactive material along with the lead. The age of the rock is known by analyzing radioactive dating, that is, the ratio of uranium and lead to the ladders. Since the amount of radioactive material contained in this zircon, the mineral is about 424 billion years old
There are monazite and many other silicate minerals in the volcano, but Zacchin's stability is high in all. Outside pressure, but other mineral deposits in the rock, but there is no particular change in the zeracon. As a result, by analyzing this mineral it is easy to know exactly how many years ago the volcanic eruptions were formed.
Why is the oldest rock in the world?
Before the age of this stone in East India, there have been many debates. Presidency College's two physicists Ashishanjan Basu and Ajitkumar Saha first demanded the age of 380 million years of this stone. The time is 1981. Later, in 1995, JN Goswami and Ajit Kumar Saha, professor of geology at Amadabad, claimed that 380 crores, but the rock was 350 million years old. So this rock does not fall into the world's oldest rock list. But, I think presidency professors have chosen the right seal. I run a test in a little different way and know that both the rock and the zeracon are the cause of molten lava or magma. From then on, the age of the rock was determined by radioactive dating.
Earlier, the discovery of the 440 million-year-old Zarcon mineral was found in Western Australia, which is why it is called the oldest mineral in eastern India.
Jack Hille of West Australia found that the findings of Zarcon were mostly sedimentary rocks. These types of zeracons found in sedimentary rocks are called Dietrich Zarcon. However, the Zarcon found in India is available directly from the volcanoes. These rocks and minerals are produced by lava. It is called Magmatic Zarcon. Like Detroit Zarcon, it did not change any way. Therefore, from the age of ages, Zarcon is the oldest of Australians, but according to geological data, this zeracone is the oldest among the minerals found directly from volcanic dust. Judging from that point of view, this mineral is called the world's oldest mineral
Geologist Rajat Majumdar said, this mineral 'Zarcon' was first found in the volcanic granite rock.
What further research work has been done before you?
Earlier, Canadian geologists discovered the 420 million-year-old Magmatic Zarcon. Chinese and Brazilian researchers emerged from the 400-410 million year old Zarcon. However, this is the first time in Odisha that the first 424 million year old Jararkan found.
Any unknown aspects of geology will come out in this study?
The unknown mystery that is hidden in the world's 'Atramahal', this study shows the light of new light in the unknown. From this magmatic zaracon, it is known that in the primitive phase of the Earth's creation, the methland methal extracted from the mantle made from the crust or crust and made the rock bound. At that time mantle was variable. Twisted lava has been transformed into several types of rock in fracture. The analysis of this mine gives a concrete idea about the structure of the earth.
By analyzing the oxygen isotope of the mineral, I think that the new horizon of research will be opened on the surface of the first water source, the tectonic plate movements, along with various aspects.
'Sensitive High Resolution Ion Microscope' in China's Shrimp Center's laboratory.
This device uses rock analysis to minimize the age of scientists.
Chinese scientists have to help why? Why is this study done in India?
We do not have the equipment needed for this rock analysis. Need to find rock by analyzing rock 'Sensitive High Resolution Ion Microscope' (SHRIMP). For research on rock, I would like help from Perth Geologists of West Australia. But they did not cooperate. The scientists of Canada and Japan did not agree with the rock. At that time, I talked with Beijing Shrimp Center's geologist Yousseen Owen. Yusen gave me all the information by analyzing rock in his laboratory. This research work is also very costly.
Looking for this rock is the pride of India, but scientists have to travel abroad for research. What are the technical errors in our country?
Many such rocks are spread in many places in India. If these rocks are analyzed in the right way, then the researchers will get the information of geological information. In the absence of suitable infrastructure and necessary equipment for research, most examinations are not possible in this country. For example, the analysis of these rocks found in Eastern India was necessary for the shrimps machine which is not in India. However, IISc Bangalore, CSIR, IIT, Geological Survey of India have the infrastructure for the machines. We believe that the success of our research will help in building a suitable infrastructure in India in the future.
Besides, this research work is very expensive. The government spent a lot of money on space research. However, the study of geology went from Brati to that direction. My request to the government, if there is a suitable infrastructure in the country, more research will be achieved in the study of geology.
What is your personal experience before and after the search? How difficult was this discovery?
This quest was my dream. I did not accept the rates even though I faced many obstacles from the start. The search has thrown the world in response to the response. America, Norway scientists are keen to come forward with interest in this research. Research work on these types of rock in Australia, Canada, Brazil and China is underway. I would like to take this study forward. Hope to be able to give more surprises in the future.