It is difficult to find out in the world that the use of more than 45 million solar home systems in such a short time like Bangladesh is difficult to find. When the cost of every Watt system was between 400 to 500 rupees, the villagers and the people used to use solar power at the unit of 40 to 50 rupees, while the people of the village and the people spent their money. That is why Bangladesh's success in expanding solar power is the ultimate form of the interest of common people in using new technology. But due to lack of power in the panel, individual solar power generation capacity is still not able to cross 300 MW. Surprisingly, the cost of solar panels was high, the whole arrangement of personal initiative and interest was developed. And when the price decreased by more than half of the time, policy makers presented challenges as a problem by not increasing the scope of state-owned enterprises in this sector. Reducing future targets without learning from failure to meet predictive targets of renewable energy!
According to the International Renewable Energy Organization's report of 2017, in the last seven years, the average cost of solar power per unit worldwide has fallen to 72 percent. Again, in the same year, the mercantile report shows that the price of solar panels in Bangladesh is more than twice the rate of any other country in Asia. Bangladeshi currency per watt solar system in India where 41 taka, there is 120 rupees in Bangladesh! As a result, the amount of money spent on pockets of ordinary people has been cut, but without all the expenses, in 2014-15 only the profit of IDCL has been more than 129 crore (merchant message, 15 March, 017). That is, the benefits of reducing the cost of solar power generation technology are not getting ordinary people, due to the fact that the benefits of falling prices are reduced, all companies are in the business sphere. If changes are not made in this system, the estimated cost of solar power will be reduced by 59 percent worldwide by 2025, the people of Bangladesh will definitely be deprived of its benefits (IRENA report, 2017).
Renewable energy policy was announced in Bangladesh in 2008. According to that policy, by 2015, 5 percent renewable energy production targets were set to target total electricity generation. However, even in 2018, half of the declared targets could not be achieved. So, if there is no change in the stand-up, then it will be possible to say that the power generation will not be able to achieve future targets from the power sector. Earlier, during his visit to India last month, Prime Minister's Energy Advisor, Gujarat and Rajasthan announced plans to import 2,000 MW of solar power (Dhaka Tribune, 18 April, 018). That is to say, the use of technology in the production of solar power, the interest of the common people, the possibility of building one's own industry - when everything is created, the responsibility is being given to the other country's shoulders. India may get electricity from such an agreement, but will it be created in Bangladesh, the opportunity to develop its own invention, the spread of research and the industrialization of solar power?
There is no scope to expose the quantity of land for the expansion of solar power. Because solar power is currently available on the one hand, as well as agricultural yield as well as electricity generation, while on the other hand electricity can be produced through floating solar power plants. If the amount of government land in Bangladesh has gone under occupation of the people, the illegal occupation of the railway land, the illegal structures built on the two sides of the river will be recovered, otherwise the hands will not have to be raised anywhere for the installation of solar power plant. Along with that there are non-agricultural Khas lands and part of lazy places left in the roof of the house. Therefore, the relationship between agriculture and land with solar power is not quite contradictory. But, despite the debate, the extent to which it can be harmed in the expansion of solar power, there is no other way.
According to the latest Power Sector Master Plan (PSMP-2013) of Bangladesh, by 2041 renewable energy and imported electricity production target is only 15 percent of the total production. On the contrary, the target for coal and nuclear power generation is 35 and 10 percent. But at the national and international level, the analysis of the independent experts' research shows, from what source, how much electricity is possible to produce the investment. According to a research paper published by researchers from the newly published United States Stanford University, it is possible that by 2050 Bangladesh's electricity needs to be met by renewable energy; And it will save the per capita income of Tk 2,000 every year, but all-round initiative and state investment need to ensure the production of this cheap electricity. In the conventional company model, more business certainty may be guaranteed, but never will the benefits of cheap electricity production reach the common man. For this reason, due to decreasing solar power, the customer is going to count up to 30 rupees per unit anywhere in the country (Daily Star, December 24, 2017). And now the company has a long-term agreement to purchase power in the unit of Tk. 12, which will not be available to the people of low power generation facilities; This sector will turn out to be exclusive monetary transactions (Daily Star, August 28, 2017).
On the other hand, reducing the pollution of coal and electricity by solar, wind and waste is now progressing heavily in India. Within 2022, without any dam-based hydroelectricity, there is a proposal to develop a renewable energy-based power plant of 1, 75 thousand MW capacity. Every unit solar and wind power is being produced in India at less than three and a half times. In the last one year, solar, wind and waste based power plants of more than twice the oil and coal have been started (Quartz, May 3, 018). On the contrary, plans to build coal power plants of 14 thousand MW capacity have been canceled, it has been decided to stop 37 coal mines (Independent, 21 June, 2017). Therefore, when India started a huge task of generating 57% of the electricity from renewable energy by 2027, then there is no problem to contract a 'little' power sharing with Bangladesh from its emptied production capacity. But the 'ready-made' method of bringing electricity from India by pulling the transmission line from thousands of kilometer away from the technical barriers to running cheap electricity will not be very pleasant for Bangladesh due to high prices.
The main obstacle in the expansion of solar power in Bangladesh is the narrowness of thought. If we do not increase the scope of our expertise, qualifications, initiatives and research, then due to the low cost of electricity, due to the price of technology which is going to bring the tsunami in the whole system, it will be our destiny that the high value importation will be filled with confidence. The recent decision to import solar power from India shows the beginning of the future crisis. It is possible to find thousands of sticks to cancel the possibility of generating electricity from renewable energy. But if the intention is to solve the crisis, it is not impossible to reach the goal of generating solar, wind and power electricity by tackling all the challenges.
