STEEMCOURT: WHAT IS THE MEANING OF ETHICAL JUDGEMENT? WHAT IS THE NATURE OF MORAL JUDGEMENT? HOW DO WE JUSTIFY MORAL JUDGEMENT?

What is The Meaning of Ethical Concept?
What is The Nature of Moral Judgment?
How Do We Justify Moral Judgment?

   *Meta Ethical Theory* 

Ethical Objectivism V Ethical Subjectivism
Ethical objectivism is a meta Ethical theory that says:

1. That moral terms or concepts such as good, bad, wrong, rightness.
   basically prescribes or refers to certain properties in the world such moral terms are independents of individuals minds. This moral terms or concepts are part of the concept or structure in the universe. Moral concept are like scientific properties.
2. Moral judgment are meaningful and the meaningfulness is achieved outside the individual mind. e.g When I say stealing is wrong; it means I am right based on moral judgement.
   

1. Moral Controversies could be settled by making use of some facts in the actual world.
2. In view of 1,2,3 above, there could be a genuine disagreement between two parties who engage in moral dispute.
   However Ethical subjectivism reject the objectivist claim they says that:
   1. Moral terms or Concept are not independent of the individual mind.
      i.e they do describe moral properties in the world. That is, they cannot be displayed or defined ostensibly.
3. Moral Judgment could be meaningful, however, the meaning or the meaningfulness of moral judgement is determined by the desire, attitudes and goals of the moral agents who makes the moral judgement.

4. Moral judgment such as stealing is bad etc. are neither true nor false because they could not be refers or describes of any properties in the world because they are mere expression of emotions; they are like 
   

Command( Moral Judgment are mere expression of emotions not fact). Moral judgment are like Command, they are neither true nor false because is just an emotion not fact. ( Lagos is in Nigeria, is a true statement not emotions while 'Stealing is bad' is an emotional statement).

1. There can be a genuine disagreement between two moral agents who engage in moral disputes, simply because each moral agents is only expressing his or her emotions.

Ethical Naturalism V. Ethical Non Naturalism
Ethical Naturalists make the following claims:

1. In principle, there is no difference between Ethical statement and scientific statement.
2. Ethical and Scientific statement state fact about the world, both statement can be verified by the method of observation.
3. There could be a genuine disagreement in ethics.
   Ethical Non Naturalism made the following claims:
4. There is a major different between ethical statement and scientific statement. While scientific statement state facts about the world, ethical statement are factually empty.
5. While Scientific statement are verifiable through observations, ethical statement are not verifiable.
6. Ethical statement unlike scientific statement are neither true nor false.
7. There is no genuine disagreement in ethics unlike what we have in science.
   Note: Moral Concepts are Good, Bad, Right, Wrong,
   Moral Judgment are 'Stealing is bad', 'Abortion is not good' etc.