" What are you doing studying biology? Is there any benefit? That must be memorized too much! "Eits, if my friend just started to study biology, don't be cynical first. Biology has so many benefits you know in our lives. Well, so that you know more, let's see the following article! Here we will recognize biological objects, the branches of biology, and the role of biology for life.
Biology
Biology comes from the word bios (life) and logos (science). In terms, biology can be interpreted as the study of life. A science certainly has objects, right? Likewise with biology. When studying biology, we will study living things classified into 6 kingdoms and 10 levels of organizational life.
6 Kingdom
Experts classify living things in 6 kingdoms based on cell number, cell type, ability to make food, and other factors. The six kingdoms are plants, animals, fungi , protists , bacteria and archaebacteria.
Organization level of life
Judging from its level, the object of biological studies is studied in 10 levels of organizational life.
*1. Molecules
At the molecular level, atoms bind to form molecules. These molecules will form cell organelles. For example, cell membranes are composed of molecules of protein, phospholipids, cholesterol, water, carbohydrates , and other ions. The existence of these molecules allows the plasma membrane to carry out its function as the outer part of the cell which separates cells from the surrounding environment.
*2. Cell
Cells are the smallest structural and functional unit of living things. There are living things composed of one cell (unicellular), and there are living things that are composed of many cells (multicellular). Each cell has organelles that are capable of carrying out their functions for life. These cell organelles include ribosomes, mitochondria, golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membranes, and vacuoles. The whole activity of the organelle is controlled by the cell nucleus (nucleus).
*3. Network
A network is a collection of cells that have the same shape, structure and function. The collection of cells works together to form and carry out their duties in accordance with their functions. Studies of tissue are studied in histology. In living things there are various kinds of tissues, such as nerve tissue, muscle tissue, and connective tissue.
*4. Organ
Organ is a collection of several different networks to do the same job. Examples of organs are skin, heart, kidneys, and eyes. These skin organs are by several tissues, namely epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, blood tissue, and nerve tissue. The entire network works together to carry out its roles and functions, such as protecting the body from various physical factors and becoming the body's defense from disease-causing microorganisms (pathogens).
*5. Organ System
Groups of various organs that work together to perform certain functions. The organ system will form an organism (individual). The collection of these organs will carry out interrelated functions and tasks. Examples of organ systems are the circulatory system, respiratory system, food digestive system, and so on.
*6. Organisms
Organisms or individuals are composed of organ systems. The existence of various organ systems that have different functions, making an individual able to function properly. An example of an organism's life level organization is a cat, a snake, and a human.
*7. Population
Life organizations at the population level are formed by species or similar organisms. The population itself is a group consisting of similar groups and inhabit a habitat. Habitat is a living place for a living creature. examples of population level organizations are a group of bulls, a population of Javanese eagles, and a population of Javanese tigers.
*8. Community
Community is a group of populations that live in an area and occupy the same environment. Examples are river communities, in which there are frog populations, shrimp populations, and plankton populations.
*9. Ecosystem
Ecosystems are several kinds of populations that interact with the environment in which they live, both with biotic components and abiotic components. In ecosystems, the organization of life takes place very complex. There is a symbiotic relationship between the population and the energy and material cycles
*10. Bioma
Bioma is a unit of vast land area on earth characterized by a dominant type of plant in the area. Examples include desert biomes and tropical rainforest biomes. In the biome, there are many types of individuals or populations contained in them. Indonesia has a tropical rainforest biome, especially on the islands of Sumatra and Kalimantan.