Travel Notes - Hong Kong Geopark and Wanyi Reservoir游记--香港地质公园和万宜水库

Last time I came here: Hong Kong Geopark, Hong Kong has a world-class Geopark. Rare landforms in the world: hexagonal, 100m long, igneous rock pillars with a diameter of more than 1m and many sea erosion caves. The geological exploration route of Saigon this time: Broken Border Island, Sea Erosion Cave and Hexagonal Rock Pillar. This time also came to Wanyi Reservoir, the largest reservoir in Hong Kong.

上次我来到了这里：香港地质公园，香港这里有一个世界级的地质公园。世界罕见的地貌：六角形，长达百米，直径一米多的火成岩柱以及许多的海蚀岩洞，这次来到的西贡的地质探险路线：破边洲，海蚀洞，六角形岩柱。这次还来了万宜水库，香港储水量最大的水库。

Because of the weather, the photos taken are not as good as expected, but the beauty of the original land I came here to see makes me feel particularly good. Here you can see the strange landforms. The hexagonal stone pillars form a mural of stone pillars. In addition, after thousands of years of sea water erosion, these sea-side mountains have formed sea-eroded caves one by one. The largest cave is 60 meters high! Some of these caves are impassable and some can pass through boats. Some resemble goldfish tails, some resemble elephant noses, and some resemble arch bridges.
天气的原因，拍出来的照片没有想象中那么好，但是来到这里看到的原始大地之美，让我心情特别的好。来到这里可以见到奇特的地貌。六角形石柱组成了一幅石柱壁画。另外，这些海边的山体，经过千百年的海水侵蚀，形成了一个个的海蚀溶洞。最大的溶洞高达六十米！这些溶洞有些不通，有些可以通过小船；有的像金鱼尾巴，有的像象鼻，有的像拱桥。


This is the Broken Border Island. These hexagonal pillars were formed 140 million years ago. A series of extremely violent volcanic eruptions occurred here in Saigon, Hong Kong. A large amount of volcanic ash and lava cooled and contracted slowly in the crater of the crater, finally forming a magnificent topography with various columnar joints as the main body. The height of these volcanic pillars above the ground can reach 100m, with a total thickness of over 400m! The average diameter of its cross section is 1.2m, up to 3m!
这里是破边洲，这些六角型的石柱，形成于距今有一亿四千万年前，香港西贡的这里发生了极度剧烈的一连串火山喷发。大量火山灰和熔岩在火山口的凹坑内缓慢冷却及收缩，最后形成了以各种柱状节理为主体的壮美的地形地貌。这些火山岩柱露出地面的高度可达一百米，总厚度超过四百米！其截面平均直径1.2米，最大可达3米！

Hexagonal columns of various cross-sectional shapes。
各种截面形状的六角型柱状，不得不感慨自然的鬼斧神工。


Here we can also see some S - shaped hexagonal columns.
When the rock column is still in a semi-plastic state, it is distorted into " S" due to the influence of earthquake and regional subsidence. The place where the rock pillar bends is the most vulnerable part. After being stressed, it splits along this part, and the underground magma invades along the crack. After cooling, it forms a dark gray intrusive rock wall.
这里还能够看到有一些S形状的六角岩柱，
岩柱还处于半塑性状态时受到地震和区域性下沉影响而扭曲成“S”。岩柱弯曲的地方就是最脆弱的部分，受力后沿此裂开，地下的岩浆沿裂缝入侵，冷却后形成深灰色的侵入岩墙（辉绿岩）。岩墙要比周围的岩柱“年轻”四千万岁。

Before arriving at the geopark, the Wanyi Reservoir, which started in 1971 and was completed in 1978, is the largest reservoir in Hong Kong. It consists of the east dam of the Xiba River, with its downstream facing the Pacific Ocean. Engineers have also built a slope prevention slope composed of more than 7,000 huge anchor stones to prevent the surging waves.
来到地质公园之前，要经过万宜水库，万宜水库在1971年开工，1978年竣工，是香港储水量最大的水库，由西坝河东坝组成，东坝下游朝向太平洋，工程师为了防御汹涌的海涛，还加建了一到有七千多块巨大锚形石拼合而成的防提坡。


These are the huge anchor stones, this special blue anchor stone, to commemorate the engineers who died while building the reservoir.

下面这些就是巨大锚形石，这块蓝色特别的锚形石，是为了纪念兴建水库时候牺牲的工程人员。


Hong Kong built a number of large reservoirs from the 1950s to the 1970s, but the population soared and the reservoirs were still not enough to be used. After that, Hong Kong will build a fresh water lake in Shipwan, which, though large in capacity, is still not enough to meet the ever-increasing demand for water. So Hong Kong built this fresh water reservoir for the people of Hong Kong. The whole Wanyi Reservoir was built on the pyrogenic rhyolite formed in Precambrian.
香港在1950年代至1970年代兴建多个大型水塘，但人口暴涨，水塘仍不敷应用。及后香港兴建船湾淡水湖，容量虽然庞大，但仍不足以应付不断增长的食水需求。于是香港就建了这个淡水水库，供香港人用水。整个万宜水库兴建于前寒武纪形成的火成流纹岩地形上。



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