The Legal Definition of Property
Property interests are not created by the Federal Constitution, but rather by existing rules or understandings that stem from an independent source such as state law. (14)
Generally, the common law concept of "property" refers to the right and interest that a person has in an object, which extends beyond ownership and possession to include the lawful, unrestricted right of use, enjoyment, and disposal of the object. (15) In contemporary jurisprudence, "property" refers to the various incorporeal ownership rights in a res, such as the right to possess, to enjoy the income from it, to alienate, or to recover ownership from one who has improperly obtained title to the res, as well as to the actual physical object of these rights. (16)
Footnotes
- R.S.W.W., Inc. v. City of Keego Harbor, 397 F.3d 427, 2005 FED App. 0065P (6th Cir. 2005).
- Solomon v. Solomon, 383 Md. 176, 857 A.2d 1109 (2004).
- U.S. v. General
- Motors Corporation, 323 U.S. 373, 65 S. Ct. 357, 89 L. Ed. 311, 156 A.L.R. 390 (1945); Howlett v. Doglio, 402 Ill. 311, 83 N.E.2d 708, 6 A.L.R.2d 790 (1949).
- South Carolina Dept. of Highways and Public Transp. v. Balcome, 289 S.C. 243, 345 S.E.2d 762 (Ct. App. 1986); Sammons v. American Auto. Ass'n, 912 P.2d 1103 (Wyo. 1996).
- Matter of Valuation Proceedings Under Sections 303(c) and 306 of Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973, 445 F. Supp. 994 (Regional Rail Reorg. Ct. 1977); U.S. v. General Motors Corporation, 323 U.S. 373, 65 S. Ct. 357, 89 L. Ed. 311, 156 A.L.R. 390 (1945) (used accurately, "property" denotes the group of rights inhering in the citizen's relation to the physical thing, as the right to possess, use, and dispose of it).
- Howlett v. Doglio, 402 Ill. 311, 83 N.E.2d 708, 6 A.L.R.2d 790 (1949); City of Akron v. Chapman, 160 Ohio St. 382, 52 Ohio Op. 242, 116 N.E.2d 697, 42 A.L.R.2d 1140 (1953).
- Dolan v. City of Tigard, 512 U.S. 374, 114 S. Ct. 2309, 129 L. Ed. 2d 304 (1994); Novelty Crystal Corp. v. PSA Institutional Partners, L.P., 49 A.D.3d 113, 850 N.Y.S.2d 497 (2d Dep't 2008).
- People v. Tapia, 129 Cal. App. 4th 1153, 29 Cal. Rptr. 3d 158 (2d Dist. 2005).
- LT-WR, L.L.C. v. California Coastal Com'n, 152 Cal. App. 4th 770, 60 Cal. Rptr. 3d 417 (2d Dist. 2007), as modified, (June 21, 2007).
- Sammons v. American Auto. Ass'n, 912 P.2d 1103 (Wyo. 1996).
- Washington Medical Center, Inc. v. U. S., 211 Ct. Cl. 145, 545 F.2d 116 (1976).
- Am. Jur. 2d, Constitutional Law §§ 581 to 588; Am. Jur. 2d, Eminent Domain § 88.
- Nashville, C. & St. L. Ry. v. Wallace, 288 U.S. 249, 53 S. Ct. 345, 77 L. Ed. 730, 87 A.L.R. 1191 (1933); State St. Furniture Co. v. Armour & Co., 345 Ill. 160, 177 N.E. 702, 76 A.L.R. 1298 (1931).
- Delaware v. New York, 507 U.S. 490, 113 S. Ct. 1550, 123 L. Ed. 2d 211 (1993) (law that creates property necessarily defines the legal relationships under which certain parties, or debtors, must discharge obligations to other parties or creditors); Webb's Fabulous Pharmacies, Inc. v. Beckwith, 449 U.S. 155, 101 S. Ct. 446, 66 L. Ed. 2d 358 (1980); Rural Gas, Inc. v. North Cent. Kansas Production Credit Corp., 243 Kan. 109, 755 P.2d 529, 6 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. 2d 827 (1988).
- Reese v. Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, 177 Md. App. 102, 934 A.2d 1009 (2007).
- First Charter Land Corp. v. Fitzgerald, 643 F.2d 1011 (4th Cir. 1981).
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