I used channelrhodpsin when I figured out a novel way to reprogram/transdifferentiate human skin cells directly into skeletal muscle. I would shine blue light on the cells, causing the channelrhodopsin to open and depolarize the cell, causing the newly made muscle cell to contract in the dish. The functional readout allowed me to compare efficiencies across multiple conditions to figure out the best one! :)
RE: Activate genes with light! - Optogenetic control of intracellular signalling