Something to note is that most vehicles made past 1960 use an alternator instead of a dynamo as it is cheaper and lasts longer, the brushes in a commutator wear down really fast. After this they will tend to pass through a transformer to first fix the voltage and then they will pass through a full-bridge rectifier.

An accumulator is just something that accumulates energy, not necessarily a battery. For instance, a capacitor is also an accumulator and so it a fly wheel.

There is a stem-espanol that you can write in spanish and get the steemstem upvote. At multiple points there are sentences that are difficult to understand exactly what you are meaning and may have been cause of translation error. If you are more comfortable with writing in Spanish then please do so! Especially since your references aren't English.