Archeology deals with the field of history; these two disciplines research knowledge from the human past.
. The difference between these two disciplines begins by collecting sources of information, which causes differences in methodology, History uses written sources from the past, while Archeology is more focused on the remains of the past physical relics.
Archeology, derived from the Greek, archaeo meaning "ancient" and logos, "science". The alternative name of archeology is the science of the history of material culture. Archeology is the study of the past (human) culture through a systematic review of the abandoned material data. The systematic review involves the discovery, documentation, analysis, and interpretation of data in the form of artifacts such as stone axes and temple buildings and objects in the environment, such as rocks, faces of the earth, and fossils, as well as features (artefactual that cannot be separated from its place) is an archaeological excavation, although the survey also gets a sizeable portion . [1]
Archeology, derived from the Greek, archaeo meaning "ancient" and logos, "science". The alternative name of archeology is the science of the history of material culture. Archeology is the study of the past (human) culture through a systematic review of the abandoned material data. The systematic review involves the discovery, documentation, analysis and interpretation of data in the form of artifacts (cultural objects, such as stone axes and temple buildings) and environmental objects, such as rocks, the appearance of the earth, and fossils) as well as features (artefactual that cannot be separated from (archaeological sites) .Typical research techniques are excavation (archaeological excavations), although the survey also gets a sizeable portion. [2]
Historical archeology refers to archaeological investigations carried out along with analysis with written records. Prehistoric archeology studies societies and periods of time lacking historical traditions. So the available historical records can be used as archaeological information and can add to our understanding of the past era.
Archeology and Science
Method: Detective work
Archeology is identical to detective work-in fact, obviously a detective job! Many police or private detectives use all the methods that archaeologists use:
- Be careful in measuring, recording, and photographing evidence of crime scene
- Take pains to use accurate techniques to recover, process and analyze evidence.
- Get background information on everyone, place and time involved
- Interview what people know about events and other evidence they have and know
- Using techniques from physics and chemistry to learn more about the evidence
- Stop for a cup of coffee and eat a cold donut or beer at a small, closed place to see and think what else to look for.
- Gather all the information and describe what happened
- Stating your case and criticizing it sometimes involves other experts, politicians, journalists, and community members.
- Continue the investigation if you can not attribute all the confusing things. [3[
Archeology can be interpreted as human knowledge. While science itself means knowledge to understand so we can observe it. Means science does not learn something that can not be observed and perceived, such as theology, philosophy, and the occult. For that reason in Science developed a method useful for scientific study knowledge. The method is then called the scientific method.
a science with a reasoning of both deductive and inductive. Inductive observation starts from a special observation and the result for generalization. While the deductive reasoning is different in direction, namely continuing the generalization implications of the inductive. In archeology the inductive method may be less precise than the deductive method.
This is, inductively arguing about the general order of a particular set of examples involving some degree of understanding or intuition. But inductions and deductions work together to produce harmonious methods resulting in new hypotheses or principles of information and then to test their hypotheses.
Transitional Archeology Problems of Interpretation
Interpretation varies depending on the particular situation, the remnants of archaeologists are usually only scattered in past cultural centres to reveal the reconstruction by imagining past cultural artefacts with today's furnishing functions.
By submitting hypothetical, form and matter to the confused, we may be able to reconstruct it. if one of the schemes fails to work, we can propose another instead, until we succeed. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, the collection of archaeological material was many and fast but the interpretation of the material is still lacking, which makes it difficult to reveal the civilization of a country in detail.
The first historical scheme widely used in archaeological interpretation is the three stages of technological sequence namely age of stone, bronze, and iron technology. Interpreted the artefacts of the burial mounds, that the starting material came from an era before the invention of metal tools (Stone Age), and that this era was followed by the Bronze Age and finally the Iron Age. After that many opinions emerged about the division of this age. Until the late 19th century, European archeology was based on a well-developed chronological history.
Archeology studies the relics of human beings in the form of works, the remains of living things that are estimated more than 50 years with artefactual studies to reveal human life in the past. In the study of Archeology required professionalism. The use of other relevant disciplines in archaeological research is indispensable eg Geography, Ecology, Iconography, Numismatics, Demography, Ceramology, Economics, Health, History and others.
It is in the spotlight not only tourists but also scientists to learn it. Why the building that has been available is not utilized it is more efficient example Colosseum in Roman times used for the theatre and it is still used. When the Borobudur Temple no longer becomes a relic of the seven wonders of the world, the big question arises "what's with the Archeological relics of Aceh?"
Every capacity can be developed through intensive training, literacy expansion, and thinking development in finding new problems and devising specific research strategies for their solution. In Archeology, accuracy in making descriptions and the ability to assess the accuracy of recording of data is a basic capacity that cannot be abandoned.
Conclusion
From the above review of archeology is very useful to reveal the human past so it can be a mirror in tread into the future. The existence of archaeological objects used only as a remnant that sometimes the benefits are neglected, while our own generation does not know the past or the history of the nation's culture themselves, they only introduced the future technology alone.
Reference
EndNote:
1. Archeology and Anthropology source
2. Wikipedia Archeology source
3. Archeology source
