Charles’s law which is a very popular law in physics and is an experimental gas law that studies and deals with the behavior’s of gases when heated.
Charles’s law states that
When the pressure on a sample of a dry gas is held constant, the Kelvin temperature and the volume will be directly related.
This directly proportional association can be written as
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Where V is said to be the volume of the gas,
T is said to be the Temperature of the gas (which is measured in kelvins),
k remains a Constant .
This law defines the expansion of gases as the temperature increases; equally, a decrease in temperature will as well lead to a decrease in the volume.
For the comparism of the same substance under two different sets of conditions, the law can also be written as:
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APPLICATIONS OF CHARLES'S LAW
The great scientist Charles did some demonstrations on the volume of gases rises with the upsurge in temperature and likewise vice versa. Charles used his law to create a hot air balloon. During our daily activities or our daily life, we encounter his law many times.
We can start with an actual simple example of soda-can, when you open a chilled can you will observe and see bubbles but it is a different case when you open a little warmer can, bubbles forcefully spills out of the drink.
Let me throw up this question, what makes this to happen? Absolutely it is because of Charles’ law which simply explain that the warmer can volume of gases increases and once the can is opened the gas molecule finds their way out.
Another gift from Charles’s law is the idea behind Bread and delicious cakes in a bakery. Just as we all know that In bakery foods, yeast is usually used for fermentation. Yeast produces CO2 and during the process of baking and heating up bread or cake, this CO2 tends to expand owing to the increasing temperature which gives fluffiness to our bread and cakes.
All these observations or experiments can be put to test and here is a very good way to try out one of Charles’s law, If you wish to witness Charles’ law, just perform this experiment with balloon yourself with these few steps.
i. Choose a sunny day for your experiment, move outside in a warmer temperature and then fill a balloon with gas .
ii. Take the same balloon to a colder place. You will notice in your observation that the balloon is shrinking in size as you place it in colder place and tends to resume its original size as you move outside.
This simply explains that volume of gas reduces which results in shrinking of balloon in a colder place. Also when you head outside, as the temperature increases, so does the volume of gas, which results to the balloon regaining its actual size.
Every now and then we have to be vigilant from the effects of this law. Just as we read on the cautions written in the deodorant bottle we use frequently at home.
They always suggest that it should be stored below 50°C and also warn that it should be kept away from direct sun light and ignition.
Basically for the reason that in higher temperature, volume of gases increases and once it reaches its limit it can burst the bottle or can.
Now you pretty understand why all the cases that takes place in summer season chances of bursting of tyre tubes increases.
This law of volume of gases also has some affects on our body. Just like in summer our lungs are filled with a bigger volume of air as compared and associated to the volume filled in winter. That is why we can actually perform physical activities far more better in warmer days.
Another scientist that goes by the name Joseph Gay-Lussac also studied the effect of pressure on the temperature of gas.
AUTOMOBILE
This one is what most people don’t even if we all drive or use the public transport daily, the engine of our automobile comprises of a series or sequences of lined-up pistons which periodically bob up and down whenever there is nonexistence or presence of a fluid (respectively) directly above them.
The ends of each of the pistons are devoted to a crankshaft in a peculiar way so that their rise and fall rotates the shaft.
The reverse ends of this said crankshaft are always connected to the rear wheels of the automobile, which makes it possible that when the rod rotates, the wheel also rotate with it.
The above event is possible because Charles’s Law is in the thick of the action again. The pistons are then pushed by the gas that is produced as a consequence of fuel combustion.
The combustion which creates a huge amount of heat. As a result, the temperature soars and then the converted gas immediately expands, in such a way that its seething particles sprint towards the pistons.
They eventually push on them with all their force and then thrust the vehicle forward.
REFERENCES
Charles's law: Wikipedia
Elementary Gas Laws:Charles Law
Charles_and_Gay-Lussac's_Law_animated.gif
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