Pedigree
His Father—Alois Hitler (1837-1903).His mother was Klara Hitler (1860-1907),nee Pelzl.
Alois,being a bastard,until 1876 bore the name of his mother Maria Anna Schicklgruber. Schicklgruber).Five years after the birth of Alois, Maria Schicklgruber married Johann Georg Miller Gidlera (Hiedler),who spent all his life in poverty and did not have their own home.In 1876 three witnesses certified that the deceased in 1857, Hitler was the father of Alois,which allowed the latter to change the name.Changing the writing of the family name "Hitler" was allegedly caused by a slip of the priest when recording in the "register of births".Today, researchers believe the probable father of Alois not gidlera and his brother Johann Nepomuk Güttler,who took Alois to his house and had raised him.
Adolf Hitler himself,contrary to popular from the 1920's and even got into the 3rd edition of TSB approval,never bore the name Schicklgruber.
January 7, 1885 Alois married his cousin (granddaughter of Johann Nepomuk Güttler) Clara Pell.It was his third marriage.By this time, he was the son of Alois and daughter Angela,who later became the mother of Geli raubal,alleged mistress of Hitler.Because of family ties Alois had to get permission from the Vatican to marry Clara.Clara from Alois gave birth to six children,of whom Adolf was the third.
Hitler knew about inzucht in his family and therefore always spoke very briefly and unclear about his parents,although other required documentary evidence of their ancestors.Since the end of 1921 was constantly reassess and to obscure their origin.About his father and grandfather in the maternal line he wrote just a few sentences. His mother, he,on the contrary,very often mentioned in conversations. Because of this, he never told anyone that he is related (in a direct line from Johann Nepomuk) with the Austrian historian Rudolf Koppensteiner and the Austrian poet Robert Hamerling.
Direct ancestors of Adolf,what Shicklgruber,and Hitler,were peasants.Only the father has made a career and became a government official.Attachment to the places of childhood, Hitler had only to Leonding,where his parents are buried,the Spital where there were relatives on the maternal line,and Linz.He visited them and came to power.
Childhood
Adolf Hitler was born in Austria,in the town of Braunau am Inn near the border with Germany April 20, 1889 at 18: 30 in hotel "the orange". Two days later was baptized by the name Adolf.Hitler was very much like her mother.Eyes,eyebrows,mouth, and ears were exactly like hers.Mother gave birth to him in 29 years,loved him very much.Before that, she lost three children.
Until 1892 the family lived in Branau at the hotel "the orange",the most representative house in the suburbs.In addition to Adolf's family lived half his(half -) brother Alois and sister Angela.In August 1892 father got a promotion and the family moved to Passau.
24 Mar born brother, Edmund (1894-1900) and Adolf for some time ceased to be the center of attention of the family.1 APR father received a new assignment in Linz.But the family a year remained in Passau,so as not to move with a newborn baby.
In April 1895 the family gathers in Linz.May 1, Adolf at the age of six years old enrolled in a one-year public school in Fullgame under Lambajon.25 Jun father unexpectedly early retirement for health reasons.In July 1895 the family moved to the United Hafeld near Lambach-on-Thrawn,where the father bought a house with land 38 thousand sq. m.
In elementary school, Adolf was a good student and got only excellent marks.In 1939, he visited a school in Fullgame,where he learned to read and write,and bought it.After the purchase he gave the order to build a new school building.
January 21, 1896 was born the sister of Adolf, Paula.To her he was especially fond of life and always cared about her.In 1896 Hitler did in the second grade Laboskey school old Catholic Benedictine monastery,which he attended until the spring of 1898.Here, too, he received only a good rating.Sang in the boys choir and was the assistant of the priest during the mass.Here he first saw the coat of arms of the Abbot Hagen swastika.The same later he ordered to carve wood in his office.
In the same year because of the constant nagging of his father went away from home by his half brother Alois.After that, Adolf became a Central figure of his father's worries and constant pressure,as my father feared that Adolf will grow up to be just a bum,just like his brother.In November, 1897, the father bought in the village of Leonding Linz under the house,where in February 1898, the whole family moved.The house was near the cemetery.
Adolf was the third time he changed school and started here in fourth grade.People in Leonding school he attended until September, 1900.After the death 2 Feb 1900, brother of Edmund,Adolf was the only son of Klara Hitler.
In Leonding was born he had a critical attitude to the Church under the influence of the statements of the father.
In September 1900, Adolf enrolled in the first grade of real school in Linz.Change a rural school in the large and foreign real school in Adolf did not like.He just liked to pass the distance from home to school length of 6 km. Since that time, Adolf began to teach only what he liked—history,geography, and especially drawing.Everything else is ignored.As a result of this attitude to studies,it remained for the second year in first grade real school.
On the way to power
During the absence of the leader of the party split.Hitler pretty much had to start from scratch.Great help rendered him REM,who began the restoration of storm troopers.However, the decisive role in the revival of the Nazi party played Gregor Strasser,leader of the right-wing extremist movements in Northern and North-Western Germany. Bringing them into the ranks of the Nazi party,he helped transform the party from a regional (Bavarian) national political force.
In April 1925, Hitler refused Austrian citizenship until February, 1932, was without citizenship.
In 1926 was founded the Hitler youth,established the top leadership of the SA began the conquest of red Berlin, " Goebbels.Meanwhile, Hitler was looking for support at the German level.He managed to gain the trust Department of the Generalitat,as well as to establish contacts with industrial magnates.At the same time, Hitler wrote his work My struggle.In 1930-1945 was the Supreme SA Fuehrer.When the parliamentary elections in 1930 and 1932 the Nazis brought a major increase of seats in the ruling circles of the country, began seriously to consider the Nazi party as a possible party of government combinations.Was an attempt was made to remove Hitler from the leadership of the party and make a bet on Strasser.However, Hitler was able to quickly isolate his companions and to deprive him of any influence in the party.In the end, German summit, it was decided to give Hitler the main administrative-political post,wrapping it (just in case), guardians of the traditional conservative parties.In February 1932 Hitler decided to nominate his candidacy at the election of the Reich President of Germany. On 25 February the interior Minister of Brunswick appointed him to the post of attaché at the representation of Braunschweig in Berlin.It does not impose Hitler no official duties,but were automatically given German citizenship and allowed to participate in elections.Hitler took elocution lessons and acting from Opera singer Paul Devrient,the Nazis organised a huge awareness-raising campaign,in particular,Hitler was the first German politician who made a campaign trip on the plane.In the first round on 13 March, Paul von Hindenburg, scored 49,6 % of the votes,and Hitler took second place with 30.1% of .10 APR on the second ballot Hindenburg scored 53 %,Hitler 36.8 percent.Third place both times was occupied by the Communist Thalmann.
4 Jun 1932 were dissolved the Reichstag.At a meeting in next month's elections, the Nazi party won a landslide victory,gaining 37.8 % of the votes and received 230 seats in the Reichstag,instead of the previous 143.Second place was awarded to the social Democrats 21.9% and 133 seats in the Reichstag.
6 Nov 1932 held a special election to the Reichstag. The Nazi party won only 196 seats, instead of the previous 230.
3 Dec 1932 appointed Reich Chancellor Kurt von Schleicher.
The second world war
These claims are greeted with a sharp rebuff. On 3 April 1939, Hitler approved the plan of an armed attack on Poland (operation "Weiss").23 Aug 1939.Hitler signs a nonaggression Pact with the Soviet Union,a secret Annex to which contained a plan for the division of spheres of influence in Europe.On 1 September there was an incident at Gleiwitz,which served as a pretext for an attack on Poland (September 1) marked the beginning of the Second world war.Defeating in September, Poland,Germany in April-may 1940 occupied Norway,Denmark,Holland,Luxembourg and Belgium and broke through the front in France.In June, the Wehrmacht occupied Paris and France surrendered. In the spring of 1941, Germany under the leadership of Hitler invades Greece and Yugoslavia,and on June 22 attacked the Soviet Union.The defeat of Soviet troops in the first stage of the Soviet-German war led to the occupation of German and allied forces Baltic republics,Belarus,Ukraine,Moldova and Western part of the RSFSR.In the occupied territories was established brutal occupation regime,which destroyed many millions of people.However, since the end of 1942 the German army began to suffer a major defeat in the USSR (Stalingrad) and in Egypt (El Alamein).Next year, the Red army moved in a wide the offensive,whereas the Anglo-Americans landed in Italy and bringing her out of the war.In 1944, the Soviet territory was liberated from the occupation by the Red Army moved into Poland and the Balkans;at the same time, the Anglo-American troops landed in Normandy, liberated most of France.By early 1945, the fighting was transferred to the territory of the Reich.
Assassination attempt on Hitler
The first failed assassination attempt on Hitler took place on 8 November 1939 in Munich beer "Burgerbrug",where he played every year the veterans of the National socialist workers party of Germany.Carpenter Johann Georg, Elser mounted improvised explosive device with a clockwork mechanism in the column,which often established the podium to the leader.As a result of the explosion 8 people were killed and 63 wounded.However, Hitler among the victims was not.Führer,this time limiting himself to a brief greeting to the audience,left the room for seven minutes before the explosion,as he had to go back to Berlin.The same evening, Elser was captured on the Swiss border and after several interrogations confessed.As a "special prisoner" he was placed in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp,then transferred to Dachau.9 April 1945 when the allies were already near the camp,by order of Himmler Altera shot.
In 1944 against Hitler was organized conspiracy of July 20,aimed at his physical elimination and the conclusion of peace with the advancing allied forces.When a bomb killed 4 people.Hitler was still alive.After the assassination he was not able to stay the whole day on his feet,as the feet were recovered more than 100 pieces. In addition,he had a dislocated right hand,the back of her hair singed and damaged eardrums. In my right ear temporarily deaf.He ordered to turn the execution of the conspirators, humiliating punishment, to shoot film and take pictures. Subsequently, he personally watched this movie.
The Death Of Hitler
According to witnesses,questioned how the Soviet counterintelligence agencies,and the relevant services of the allies on 30 April 1945, Soviet troops surrounded Berlin, Hitler and his wife Eva Braun committed suicide,after slaying his beloved dog Blondie.In Soviet historiography confirmed the view that Hitler took poison (cyanide,like most homicidal Nazis),but according to eyewitnesses,he shot himself.There is also a version according to which Hitler took in his mouth and learned about a vial of poison,simultaneously shot himself with a gun (applying,therefore,both instruments of death).
According to witnesses from among the staff,even before Hitler gave orders to bring from the garage, the cans of gasoline (for disposing of the bodies).30 April,after lunch,Hitler said goodbye to the persons of his entourage and, after shaking hands with them,along with Eva Braun retired to his apartment,where soon heard the sound of a gunshot.Shortly after 15 hours and 15 minutes Hitler's servant Heinz Linge, accompanied by his adjutant, Otto Herr günsche,Goebbels,Bormann and Axman,entered the apartment Fuhrer.Dead Hitler was sitting on the couch;on the temple he has blurred the bloodstain.Nearby lay Eva Braun,with no visible external damage.Herr günsche and Linge wrapped the body of Hitler's army blanket and carried to the garden of the Reich Chancellery;after him and took eve's body.The bodies were put near the entrance to the bunker,doused with gasoline and burned.
5 may the bodies were found at jutting out from the earth a piece of blanket, and fell into the hands of the Soviet SMERSH. The body was identified, in particular with Othe Hauserman (Ketty Houserman) assistant the dentist to Hitler,which confirmed the similarity of dental prostheses against her in a lineup with Hitler's dentures.However, after release from Soviet camps,she refused his testimony.In February 1946 the remains identified by the investigation as the bodies of Hitler,Eva Braun,a married couple Goebbels, Joseph,and their six children, and two dogs,were buried on one of the bases of the NKVD in Magdeburg.In 1970,when the area of this base was to be returned,at the suggestion of Yu. Andropov approved by the Politburo these remains were excavated,cremated to ash and then thrown into the Elbe (according to others,the remains were burnt on a vacant lot in the heart of Schönebeck, 11 kilometres from Magdeburg, and thrown into the river Biederitz).Preserved only dentures and part of a skull with a bullet hole input (detected separately from a cadaver).They are stored in the Russian archives,as well as side grips the couch with traces of blood,which was shot Hitler.In an interview with the head of the Archives of the FSB said that the authenticity of the jaw next to the proven expertise of international level.However,the Hitler biographer, Werner maser expressed doubt that the corpse and the piece of skull belonged to Hitler.In September 2009, researchers from the University of Connecticut on the basis of the results of their DNA analysis said the skull belonged to a woman aged less than 40 years.The FSB is denied.
