The American realist writer John Ernest Steinbeck was born on February 27, 1902, in San Salvador, California, just 115 years ago. He is the winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature and Pulitzer for his book "About the Mouse and the People" - perhaps his most famous work. Steinbeck bequeathes to ordinary people such wisdom that remains unspoilt in time, and this is the greatest prize for his creativity. Most of his works are filmed, and cinematographers' interest in new screenings does not stop. Steinbeck is the beloved author of millions of people around the world, and yet he seems to be a soul loner, generously giving out the most essential of himself. John Steinbeck is the third of the four children of teacher Olive Hamilton Steinbeck and clerk John Ernest Steinbeck. His mother is Irish, and his father - a descendant of a German farmer who emigrated to the United States. John himself, as a young man, works in farms around the family home. Growing up in such an environment, Steinbeck, as the academics say, has been "pardoned" to sympathize with the oppressed, the unsuccessful and the suffering, opposing the simple human joys of the cynical passion for money. When such thinking is backed up with the cunning tale of a narrator like his, "John Stinbek is getting," a critic jokes.
How did young Steinbeck accumulate his life experience? After completing a high school in his native Salinas, he follows Marine Biology at Stanford University, but does not graduate. He goes to New York and works "all" to support himself. The first attempts to publish something like a writer was unsuccessful. He returned to California and worked as a guide and keeper of a fish breed. He lives with his first wife, Carol, in a small house inherited from his father in Monterey Bay. One day while working in a warehouse, his father interferes with his destiny - he announces that he will sponsor his writing. Success is not late - "Tortilla Flett", published in 1935, was Steinbeck's first success as a novelist. Follows the "Cortes Sea", a trip from the California Gulf. At the expense of success, Steinbeck shares with his wife. He and Karl divorce and John moves to New York again. In 1943 he married the singer Gwindolin Kogner, of whom are his two sons, Thomas and John. And this marriage did not last long - in 1948 Steinbeck divorced his second wife. In 1950, he married a third time by divorcing the married Elaine Scott, who has been successfully married till his death.
Steinbeck's end occurred in 1968, after two consecutive strokes in a four-year period, between 1961 and 1965, and a massive heart attack, which he had suffered in December 1968 at his New York home. He is buried in the family tomb. Steinbeck's first novel is "The Golden Cup" and reflects the plunder of Panama. He issues the book with an advance from the publisher, and the profit can not even cover him. The first great success came with "Tortilla Flett" in 1935 when his father handed him his hands by financing him. In 1939 Steinbeck's novel "For Mice and Men" was first filmed. In the same year he released his novel "The Clusters of Wrath," considered by the classics specialists of the 20th century. During the Second World War, the writer worked as a military correspondent for the New York Herald Tribune in the UK and the Mediterranean. Returns with multiple wounds - in the direct and transient sense of the word. His close friendship with Ed Ritsacks saved him. In 1945, "Cannery Street" was released, where Ricketts was a prototype of the protagonist. But fate has decided to split Steinbeck with his soul savior - in 1948, Ricketts was killed in a crash - his car was pulled by a train. Steinbeck is experiencing the death of his friend and for a long time he stops writing. There is a stagnation in his creativity. Until 1952, when his famous novel "East of Paradise", later screened by Elia Kazan, came out. Steinbeck's latest novel is "The Winter of Our Discontent" (1961), which explores the moral decline in America. Criticism does not accept the novel as successful for its author. This hurts Steinbeck to the point that he does not even enjoy the Nobel Prize for Literature, which he handed to him in 1962. Asked if he considered her to be deserved, Steinbeck replied with "No!" In 1967, he went on to reflect the war in Vietnam. Looking for an answer to this question Who needs this war involving his sons? His silence on the subject is more than eloquent, but was perceived by his critics as a retreat from his pacifist views. The truth is that Steinbeck feels disgusted and tired of the time he lives in, but as a parent is afraid of the lives of his sons! It's too late to refute his critics - he does not feel good but keeps smoking he feels lonely more than ever. In such a state, one of the wisest writers of the 20th century goes out of this world.